城市回族社区外环境景观设计研究

发布时间：2018-07-14 13:43

【摘要】：回族是我国少数民族中人口数量最多的民族,回族社区作为回族穆斯林聚居地,有着自身独特的穆斯林居住文化。然而,随着中国城市化进程的深入,回族社区文化的独特性与城市文化融合性的矛盾日益突出。这些问题集中体现在回族社区户外环境景观与回民的宗教信仰、生活方式、文化习惯的不匹配上,比如活动空间的不适宜、环境质量差、公共设施未遵循民族禁忌原则等,限制了回族社区的有序发展。基于此,利用文献归纳法、问卷调查法等研究方法,对城市回族社区外环境景观设计展开了研究。主要研究结果如下： (1)回族社区调研分析,通过对我国主要的回族社区进行实地调研,提炼回族景观的设计元素,提出城市回族社区户外环境景观存在的问题主要是民族特色不突出、公共空间缺乏参与性、商业街区的发展与保护不当、宅间绿地使用率低等。同时,归纳总结出回族社区居民社会需求和生活方式两方面的特殊要求。并与其他少数民族社区的对比研究,选取中国藏族、傣族两个具有特色且发展成熟的少数民族社区与回族社区进行对比研究,分析其相似性与差异性。 (2)在实地调查分析与案例的对比的基础上,提出城市回族社区户外环境的设计原则,即伊斯兰传统造园原则、城市特色总体原则、民族特色传承原则、文化融合原则、就地回迁原则、经济节约原则；并对城市回族社区清真寺、回族民居、回民墓地、回族商业街四个部分户外环境的设计方法进行详细阐述。 (3)结合本作者提出的设计理论对湖南长沙汉回村回族社区进行实践案例规划设计,围绕民族特色,对汉回村回族社区的植物群落、公共建筑与景观小品、中心绿地、住宅建筑、民族风情街进行了专项设计。本文以回民对于社区环境的需求作为论文研究的对象,旨在探索合适的社区户外环境设计模式满足回民对于生活、宗教、物质等需求的设计模式,保护和发展回族传统文化特色,找寻回民的归属感。
[Abstract]:Hui is the largest ethnic group in China. As a Muslim settlement, Hui community has its own unique Muslim residential culture. However, with the deepening of urbanization in China, the contradiction between the uniqueness of Hui community culture and the integration of urban culture is becoming increasingly prominent. These problems are mainly reflected in the mismatch between the outdoor environmental landscape of the Hui community and the Hui people's religious beliefs, lifestyle, and cultural habits, such as the inappropriate space for activities, poor environmental quality, and the failure of public facilities to follow the principle of national taboos, etc. It limits the orderly development of the Hui community. Based on this, using the methods of literature induction and questionnaire investigation, the landscape design of urban Hui community was studied. The main results are as follows: (1) investigation and analysis of the Hui community, through the field investigation of the main Hui communities in China, extract the design elements of the Hui landscape, The main problems in the outdoor environment landscape of urban Hui community are that the national characteristics are not prominent, the public space is lack of participation, the development and protection of commercial blocks is improper, and the utilization rate of green space between houses is low. At the same time, summed up the Hui community residents social needs and lifestyle two aspects of the special requirements. And compared with other minority communities, two characteristic and mature minority communities and Hui communities are selected from the Tibetan and Dai ethnic groups in China. Analyzing its similarity and difference. (2) based on the comparison of field investigation and case, the design principle of outdoor environment in urban Hui community is put forward, that is, Islamic traditional garden principle, general principle of urban characteristics. The principle of inheritance of national characteristics, the principle of cultural integration, the principle of local relocation, the principle of economic saving, and the principle of urban Hui community mosques, houses and cemeteries of Hui people, The design methods of the four parts of the outdoor environment of the Hui commercial street are elaborated in detail. (3) the author proposes the design theory to carry out the practical case planning and design of the Hui community in Hanhui Village, Changsha, Hunan Province, focusing on the national characteristics. The plant communities, public buildings and landscape sketches, central green spaces, residential buildings and ethnic streets in the Hui community of Hanhui Village were designed. The purpose of this paper is to explore a suitable design pattern of community outdoor environment to meet the needs of Hui people for life, religion, material and so on. To protect and develop the traditional cultural characteristics of the Hui nationality and to find the sense of belonging of the Hui people.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.12

【参考文献】