湿热地区旅游景区微气候舒适度研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 08:26
【摘要】：旅游气候舒适度是影响旅游活动的重要方面。不同的季节,游客选择的旅游景区不同,在景区的活动行为也不同。同一景区同一季节,微气候舒适度不同,游客游憩行为也会不同。部分景区部分景点采用机械设备调节室内微气候舒适度以招徕游客,这种做法一方面增加了景区的能耗和运营成本,另一方面更是恶化了室外热环境,也没能满足游客实现到景区接触自然的户外宜人气候环境的愿望。因此,适应或调节改善景区微气候环境,规划设计自然、健康、宜人的旅游景观是旅游景区可持续发展的必由之路。 国内外均已认识到旅游舒适气候对旅游开发经营的重要意义,特别是旅游景区微气候改善的重要性,但具体的相关研究甚少。在调研国内外研究现状的基础上,确定了本文的工作内容和工作重点,并取得研究成果： 第一,旅游景区户外微气候舒适度评价方法。通过对比研究国内外现有的微气候评价方法,根据游客在景区的活动多在户外环境进行的现状,力求评价指标通用实际,避免过于复杂,本文提出了景区户外微气候舒适度的综合评价指标和微气候舒适度分级：利用WBGT指标评价景区夏季微气候舒适度,利用TS指标景区春秋和冬季微气候舒适度。景区微气候舒适度分为7很冷、较冷、冷、舒适、热、较热、很热等7级,每一级都与具体的舒适度值范围相对应。 第二,在上述研究基础上,进行旅游景区微气候舒适度区划研究,并以四川省旅游景区为例进行微气候区划：WBGT值和TS值为一级区划指标,将四川省旅游景区分成3个气候分区,将湿度和温度作为辅助二级区划指标,在此基础上进一步将四川省划分为5个气候分区：干冷区、湿冷区、夏热冬冷型湿热区、夏热冬暖型湿热区和温和区,并界定各气候区划地理范围。 四川省旅游景区5个微气候区中,冬冷夏热型湿热景区气候条件最复杂,适应气候的景观规划设计最困难。同时,该气候区中的旅游景区数量最多,等级最高,游客流量最大。因此,选择冬冷夏热型湿热景区作为研究对象具有代表型。 第三,分析微气候舒适度与景区游客行为的相关性,提出湿热景区游客在景区活动的微气候舒适度阈值,为景区从游客角度营造舒适的景观微环境提供技术参照体系。 本文以勒温的环境行为理论为出发点,研究在冬冷夏热型热湿景区——成都市杜甫草堂景区中,游客在微气候环境中的游憩行为与微气候舒适度的关系,从游客的角度探讨适宜旅游活动的微气候舒适度阈值。通过微气候参数实测,游客游憩行为“注记”和调查问卷等资料综合研究景区微气候舒适度与游客行为的相关性得出：影响游客行为的微气候舒适度的阈值是：夏季,微气候舒适度阈值是(WBGT值)30℃：春秋季和冬季,微气候舒适度的阈值是(TS值)2℃。 第四,集中研究湿热景区地面铺装、植物、水体和构筑物等不同景观要素类型在不同季节对微气候舒适度的影响,研究结果为景区规划中适应微气候舒适度的景观要素规划设计提供理论依据和技术支持。 第五,以彭州市董坪村为例,研究冬冷夏热型湿热乡村旅游景区中,面向微气候舒适度改善的乡村生态旅游景观规划建设。规划前和建成后的实地调研观测分析表明：从使用客体的角度出发,利用植物、水、道路和建筑等景观要素来规划乡村生态旅游景观,改善场地微气候舒适度是相对简单和低成本的有效方法和策略,体现人本主义。
[Abstract]:The comfort degree of tourism climate is an important aspect of the tourism activities. Different seasons, tourists choose different scenic spots and different activities in the scenic spots. The same season, the same season, the micro climate is different, the tourists' recreation behavior will be different. Some scenic spots in some scenic spots adjust the indoor microclimate comfort by mechanical equipment. To attract tourists, this approach increases the energy consumption and operation cost of scenic spots on the one hand, on the other hand, it worsens the outdoor thermal environment, and does not meet the tourists' desire to reach the natural and pleasant climate in the scenic spots. Therefore, it is suitable to adapt or adjust the micro climate environment in the scenic area and to plan and design a natural, healthy and pleasant tourist landscape. It is the only way for the sustainable development of tourist attractions.
Both at home and abroad have realized the importance of tourist comfort climate to tourism development and management, especially the importance of microclimate improvement in tourist attractions, but few specific related studies have been made. On the basis of research status at home and abroad, the work content and focus of this paper are determined, and the research results are obtained.
First, the evaluation method of outdoor microclimate comfortableness of tourist attractions. By comparing and studying the existing microclimate evaluation methods at home and abroad, according to the current situation of tourists in the outdoor environment in the scenic area, we try to evaluate the general practice of the indicators and avoid the complexity. This paper puts forward the comprehensive evaluation index of the outdoor microclimate comfort in the scenic area. Microclimate comfort classification: using WBGT index to evaluate the summer microclimate comfort of scenic spots, using TS indicators in spring and autumn and winter microclimate comfort. The micro climate comfort of scenic spots is divided into 7 cold, cold, cold, comfortable, hot, hot, and so on 7 levels, each level is corresponding to the specific range of comfort.
Second, on the basis of the above research, the microclimate regionalization of tourist attractions is studied, and the microclimate zoning is carried out in Sichuan tourist attractions as an example. The WBGT value and TS value are the first grade division index, and the tourist attractions in Sichuan are divided into 3 climatic zones, and the humidity and temperature are used as the auxiliary two level zoning indexes. On this basis, further will be made. Sichuan province is divided into 5 climatic zones: dry and cold area, wet cold zone, summer hot winter and cold hot zone, summer hot winter warm wet hot zone and mild zone, and define the geographical range of each climate zoning.
In the 5 microclimate zones of Sichuan tourist attractions, the climate conditions are the most complicated in the winter cold summer hot hot spots, and the landscape planning and design to adapt to the climate is the most difficult. At the same time, the number of scenic spots in the climate area is the most, the grade is the highest, and the tourist flow is the most. Therefore, the selection of winter cold summer hot hot hot spots is the representative type.
Third, the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior of the scenic spots is analyzed, and the threshold of the microclimate comfort of tourists in the scenic area is proposed, which provides a technical reference system for the scenic spots to create a comfortable landscape microenvironment from the tourist point of view.
Taking Lewin's environmental behavior theory as the starting point, this paper studies the relationship between tourists' recreation behavior and the microclimate comfort in the scenic spot of Chengdu city Du Fu Thatched Cottage in the winter cold summer hot hot and humid scenic spot, and discusses the threshold of the microclimate comfort degree from the tourist's point of view. Through the measurement of microclimate parameters, tourists are measured. The correlation of the recreation behavior "note" and the survey questionnaire synthetically studies the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior. The threshold of the microclimate comfort affecting the tourist behavior is: the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (WBGT) 30: the spring and autumn season and the winter, the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (TS) 2.
Fourth, focus on the influence of different landscape elements such as ground pavement, plant, water body and structure on the microclimate comfort in different seasons. The results provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the landscape elements planning and design adapted to the micro climate comfort in the scenic area planning.
Fifth, taking the Dong Ping village of Pengzhou as an example, this paper studies the rural ecotourism landscape planning and construction for the improvement of the microclimate comfort in the wet and hot rural tourist attractions in the winter cold summer heat type. The field survey and analysis before and after the planning show that the landscape elements such as the use of plants, water, roads and buildings are planned from the angle of the use of the object. It is a relatively simple and low cost effective method and strategy to improve the comfort of rural ecotourism landscape, which embodies humanism.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.18;P463
本文编号：2129796
[Abstract]:The comfort degree of tourism climate is an important aspect of the tourism activities. Different seasons, tourists choose different scenic spots and different activities in the scenic spots. The same season, the same season, the micro climate is different, the tourists' recreation behavior will be different. Some scenic spots in some scenic spots adjust the indoor microclimate comfort by mechanical equipment. To attract tourists, this approach increases the energy consumption and operation cost of scenic spots on the one hand, on the other hand, it worsens the outdoor thermal environment, and does not meet the tourists' desire to reach the natural and pleasant climate in the scenic spots. Therefore, it is suitable to adapt or adjust the micro climate environment in the scenic area and to plan and design a natural, healthy and pleasant tourist landscape. It is the only way for the sustainable development of tourist attractions.
Both at home and abroad have realized the importance of tourist comfort climate to tourism development and management, especially the importance of microclimate improvement in tourist attractions, but few specific related studies have been made. On the basis of research status at home and abroad, the work content and focus of this paper are determined, and the research results are obtained.
First, the evaluation method of outdoor microclimate comfortableness of tourist attractions. By comparing and studying the existing microclimate evaluation methods at home and abroad, according to the current situation of tourists in the outdoor environment in the scenic area, we try to evaluate the general practice of the indicators and avoid the complexity. This paper puts forward the comprehensive evaluation index of the outdoor microclimate comfort in the scenic area. Microclimate comfort classification: using WBGT index to evaluate the summer microclimate comfort of scenic spots, using TS indicators in spring and autumn and winter microclimate comfort. The micro climate comfort of scenic spots is divided into 7 cold, cold, cold, comfortable, hot, hot, and so on 7 levels, each level is corresponding to the specific range of comfort.
Second, on the basis of the above research, the microclimate regionalization of tourist attractions is studied, and the microclimate zoning is carried out in Sichuan tourist attractions as an example. The WBGT value and TS value are the first grade division index, and the tourist attractions in Sichuan are divided into 3 climatic zones, and the humidity and temperature are used as the auxiliary two level zoning indexes. On this basis, further will be made. Sichuan province is divided into 5 climatic zones: dry and cold area, wet cold zone, summer hot winter and cold hot zone, summer hot winter warm wet hot zone and mild zone, and define the geographical range of each climate zoning.
In the 5 microclimate zones of Sichuan tourist attractions, the climate conditions are the most complicated in the winter cold summer hot hot spots, and the landscape planning and design to adapt to the climate is the most difficult. At the same time, the number of scenic spots in the climate area is the most, the grade is the highest, and the tourist flow is the most. Therefore, the selection of winter cold summer hot hot hot spots is the representative type.
Third, the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior of the scenic spots is analyzed, and the threshold of the microclimate comfort of tourists in the scenic area is proposed, which provides a technical reference system for the scenic spots to create a comfortable landscape microenvironment from the tourist point of view.
Taking Lewin's environmental behavior theory as the starting point, this paper studies the relationship between tourists' recreation behavior and the microclimate comfort in the scenic spot of Chengdu city Du Fu Thatched Cottage in the winter cold summer hot hot and humid scenic spot, and discusses the threshold of the microclimate comfort degree from the tourist's point of view. Through the measurement of microclimate parameters, tourists are measured. The correlation of the recreation behavior "note" and the survey questionnaire synthetically studies the correlation between the microclimate comfort and the tourist behavior. The threshold of the microclimate comfort affecting the tourist behavior is: the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (WBGT) 30: the spring and autumn season and the winter, the threshold of the microclimate comfort is (TS) 2.
Fourth, focus on the influence of different landscape elements such as ground pavement, plant, water body and structure on the microclimate comfort in different seasons. The results provide the theoretical basis and technical support for the landscape elements planning and design adapted to the micro climate comfort in the scenic area planning.
Fifth, taking the Dong Ping village of Pengzhou as an example, this paper studies the rural ecotourism landscape planning and construction for the improvement of the microclimate comfort in the wet and hot rural tourist attractions in the winter cold summer heat type. The field survey and analysis before and after the planning show that the landscape elements such as the use of plants, water, roads and buildings are planned from the angle of the use of the object. It is a relatively simple and low cost effective method and strategy to improve the comfort of rural ecotourism landscape, which embodies humanism.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.18;P463
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