基于鸟类栖息地保护的山东荣成桑沟湾滨海湿地公园（一期）规划

发布时间：2018-08-02 14:57

【摘要】：滨海湿地在水分涵养、维护地区水资源平衡、调节改善当地气候、减少污染、维护生态系统多样性、改善环境等诸多方面起着十分重要的作用。但是由于人们对海洋资源的过度攫取和城市化的进度加快,滨海湿地面积正在逐年锐减,导致了生物多样性的急剧下降。坐落于山东半岛最东端的山东荣成市,滨海湿地资源十分丰富,为许多珍稀与濒危鸟类提供栖息地,对当地生态平衡的维护有着重要影响。2004年2月11日,桑沟湾国家城市湿地公园成为国家建设部首批批准,并且是唯一获得批准的的国家级城市湿地公园,这令人们对滨海湿地的重要性和保护滨海湿地的必要性有了更加深刻的认识。因此,要针对鸟类栖息地的特点,进行滨海湿地公园规划的研究,总结有效保护和利用滨海湿地的方式,在保证鸟类栖息地良好的生态环境前提下,合理为人们提供休闲娱乐、亲近大自然的空间。论文首先介绍了栖息地以及滨海湿地等相关概念,即滨海湿地、滨海湿地公园的定义,阐述滨海湿地公园鸟类栖息地所运用的相关理论,说明鸟类的特点,明确了游禽、涉禽和猛禽为桑沟湾滨海湿地公园主要保护的鸟类。总结鸟类栖息与环境因素的相关性。提出可参照的国内外滨海湿地公园鸟类栖息规划的成功案例。其次,介绍山东荣成桑沟湾滨海湿地公园的湿地资源现状和特征,从不同尺度深入分析桑沟湾湿地公园成为鸟类栖息地的原因,并且调查评价桑沟湾湿地公园作为鸟类栖息生境的现状。第三,着重对桑沟湾滨海湿地公园栖息的鸟类资源进行详细调查与分析。第四,总结出荣成桑沟湾滨海湿地公园规划在鸟类栖息地方面的优点与不足。提出基于鸟类栖息地保护的滨海湿地公园规划的依据、目标、原则,并在此基础上设计合理的保护分区与功能分区、道路交通规划、竖向规划、水系规划与设施规划等。最后,验证规划的合理性并总结基于鸟类栖息地保护的桑沟湾滨海湿地公园规划方法结论,对滨海湿地公园规划进行实践性的规划研究。希望通过提出从鸟类栖息地保护角度进行滨海湿地公园规划的方法,针对保护鸟类栖息地的角度对滨海湿地公园进行科学合理的规划,能将研究成果应用到相关的规划设计中。
[Abstract]:Coastal wetland plays a very important role in water conservation, maintaining regional water resources balance, adjusting and improving local climate, reducing pollution, maintaining diversity of ecosystem, improving environment and so on. However, due to the excessive exploitation of marine resources and the acceleration of urbanization, the area of coastal wetlands is decreasing year by year, resulting in a sharp decline in biodiversity. Located at the easternmost tip of the Shandong Peninsula, Rongcheng City, Shandong Province, is rich in coastal wetland resources, providing habitat for many rare and endangered birds and having an important impact on the maintenance of the local ecological balance. The Sanggou Bay National Urban Wetland Park has become the first batch approved by the Ministry of Construction, and is the only state-level urban wetland park approved. This makes people have a deeper understanding of the importance of coastal wetlands and the necessity of protecting coastal wetlands. Therefore, in view of the characteristics of bird habitat, the planning of coastal wetland park should be studied, and the ways of effectively protecting and utilizing coastal wetland should be summarized, and on the premise of ensuring a good ecological environment of bird habitat, people should be provided with recreation and recreation reasonably. A space close to nature. Firstly, this paper introduces the concepts of habitat and coastal wetland, that is, the definition of coastal wetland and coastal wetland park, expounds the relevant theories of bird habitat in coastal wetland park, explains the characteristics of birds, and clarifies the game birds. Wading birds and raptors are the main protected birds in Sanggou Bay Coastal Wetland Park. The relationship between bird habitat and environmental factors was summarized. The successful cases of bird habitat planning in coastal wetland park at home and abroad are put forward. Secondly, the present situation and characteristics of wetland resources in Rongcheng Sanggou Bay Coastal Wetland Park in Shandong Province are introduced, and the reasons why Sanggou Bay Wetland Park has become a bird habitat are analyzed from different scales. The current situation of Sanggou Bay Wetland Park as a bird habitat was investigated and evaluated. Thirdly, the bird resources of Sanggou Bay Coastal Wetland Park are investigated and analyzed in detail. Fourthly, the advantages and disadvantages of Rongcheng Sanggou Bay Coastal Wetland Park in bird habitat planning are summarized. This paper puts forward the basis, goal and principle of the planning of coastal wetland park based on bird habitat protection, and on this basis, designs reasonable protection zoning and functional zoning, road traffic planning, vertical planning, water system planning and facilities planning, etc. Finally, the rationality of the planning is verified and the conclusions of the planning method of the Sanggou Bay Coastal Wetland Park based on the protection of bird habitat are summarized, and the practical planning of the Coastal Wetland Park is studied. It is hoped that the method of planning coastal wetland park from the angle of bird habitat protection can be applied to the planning and design of coastal wetland park in view of the protection of bird habitat.
【学位授予单位】：华中农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU986;X36

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