挖掘机液压能回收及释放电液系统的研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 20:17
【摘要】：目前,世界范围内的节能运动正在轰轰烈烈地开展着,作为能源消耗大户的工程机械领域也就如何更节能、更环保而展开各项研究。液压挖掘机作为应用最广的工程机械之一,在诸多领域得到广泛应用。如何提高液压挖掘机的工作效率、降低能源消耗,已经成为许多科研人员研究的课题。本文以某厂20T挖掘机为研究对象,提出一套能量吸收及释放电液系统,并通过仿真及实验展开研究。具体内容如下： 第一章,在查阅国内外有关挖掘机能量回收及释放研究文献的基础上,论述了国内挖掘机生产和应用的概况,引出了挖掘机能量回收及释放电液系统的研究意义,介绍了几种混合动力系统的形式,并论述了国内外混合动力挖掘机发展的现状和趋势。提出了本课题的研究内容及论文的研究工作。 第二章,以某厂20T挖掘机为研究对象,分析该挖掘机典型工作循环的工作流程,确定能量回收的主要来源。建立测试系统,对该挖掘机在典型工作循环中的动臂油缸两腔及回转马达两腔压力进行实测分析,确定该挖掘机在典型工况时的压力及工作时间。根据实测数据计算动臂油缸下降及回转马达制动时可回收油液体积,并根据原有挖掘机液压系统提出能量回收及释放电液系统的结构并阐述工作原理。 第三章,对挖掘机能量回收及释放系统的主要元件蓄能器及液压马达进行了简单的介绍,并对蓄能器和液压马达进行参数匹配,并阐述了在实际样机中蓄能器、液压马达以及阀块的安装方式。 第四章,对挖掘机动力下降能量回收系统、回转制动能量回收系统以及能量释放系统建立数学模型,并根据数学模型对三个系统进行分析。对整个挖掘机能量回收及释放电液系统进行建模和仿真。首先介绍了应用的仿真软件和仿真方式。应用ADAMS建立挖掘机整车机构三维模型,并将模型导入应用AMESim所建的液压系统模型中。应用两款软件的联合仿真,对传统挖掘机的动臂下降及回转制动进行了仿真分析,并着重对加入动臂下降能量回收系统及回转制动能量回收系统的挖掘机模型进行仿真,分析了不同参数对能量回收及释放效果的影响,并对系统方案及元件的选型进行了优化分析。 第五章,简单地描述了挖掘机能量回收及释放电液系统的控制策略,并对控制器进行选型。 第六章,提出针对能量回收及释放电液系统的性能试验方案,对比传统挖掘机,计算安装能量回收及释放系统后的挖掘机的节能效果,并分析了试验与仿真之间存在偏差的原因。 第七章,总结本文的主要工作,阐述研究结论,并对今后的研究工作做出了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, the worldwide energy conservation movement is being carried out vigorously, as a large consumer of energy consumption of construction machinery field on how to save energy, more environmental protection and launched various studies. As one of the most widely used construction machinery, hydraulic excavator is widely used in many fields. How to improve the working efficiency of hydraulic excavators and reduce energy consumption has become a research topic for many researchers. In this paper, the 20T excavator in a factory is taken as the research object, a set of energy absorption and release electro-hydraulic system is put forward, and the research is carried out through simulation and experiment. The specific contents are as follows: chapter 1, based on the reference to the domestic and foreign literatures on excavator energy recovery and release, the general situation of domestic excavator production and application is discussed. The research significance of energy recovery and electro-hydraulic release system of excavator is introduced. Several types of hybrid power system are introduced, and the present situation and trend of development of hybrid excavator at home and abroad are discussed. The research content of this subject and the research work of the thesis are put forward. In the second chapter, taking the 20T excavator in a factory as the research object, the working flow of the typical working cycle of the excavator is analyzed, and the main source of energy recovery is determined. A test system is established to measure and analyze the pressure of the excavator in the typical working cycle. The pressure and working time of the excavator under typical working conditions are determined by measuring and analyzing the pressure of the two cavities of the cylinder and the rotary motor in the typical working cycle. According to the measured data, the oil volume can be recovered when the cylinder drops and the rotary motor is braking. According to the original hydraulic system of the excavator, the structure of the energy recovery and release electro-hydraulic system is put forward and the working principle is expounded. In the third chapter, the main components of energy recovery and release system of excavator, accumulator and hydraulic motor are simply introduced, and the parameters of accumulator and hydraulic motor are matched, and the accumulator is described in the actual prototype. Installation of hydraulic motors and valve blocks. In the fourth chapter, the mathematical models of the energy recovery system, the energy recovery system of rotary braking and the energy release system of excavator are established, and the three systems are analyzed according to the mathematical model. The model and simulation of the whole excavator energy recovery and release system are carried out. First of all, the application of simulation software and simulation methods are introduced. The 3D model of excavator mechanism is established by using ADAMS, and the model is imported into the hydraulic system model built by AMESim. The joint simulation of two kinds of software is used to simulate and analyze the falling arm and rotary brake of the traditional excavator, and the model of the excavator with the drop energy recovery system and the energy recovery system of the rotary brake is simulated. The effects of different parameters on energy recovery and release are analyzed, and the system scheme and the selection of components are optimized. In the fifth chapter, the control strategy of the excavator energy recovery and release system is described, and the controller is selected. In the sixth chapter, the performance test scheme of energy recovery and release system is put forward. Compared with the traditional excavator, the energy saving effect of the excavator after installing the energy recovery and releasing system is calculated. The reason of the deviation between experiment and simulation is analyzed. Chapter seven summarizes the main work of this paper, expounds the research conclusions, and makes a prospect for the future research work.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621
本文编号：2166901
[Abstract]:At present, the worldwide energy conservation movement is being carried out vigorously, as a large consumer of energy consumption of construction machinery field on how to save energy, more environmental protection and launched various studies. As one of the most widely used construction machinery, hydraulic excavator is widely used in many fields. How to improve the working efficiency of hydraulic excavators and reduce energy consumption has become a research topic for many researchers. In this paper, the 20T excavator in a factory is taken as the research object, a set of energy absorption and release electro-hydraulic system is put forward, and the research is carried out through simulation and experiment. The specific contents are as follows: chapter 1, based on the reference to the domestic and foreign literatures on excavator energy recovery and release, the general situation of domestic excavator production and application is discussed. The research significance of energy recovery and electro-hydraulic release system of excavator is introduced. Several types of hybrid power system are introduced, and the present situation and trend of development of hybrid excavator at home and abroad are discussed. The research content of this subject and the research work of the thesis are put forward. In the second chapter, taking the 20T excavator in a factory as the research object, the working flow of the typical working cycle of the excavator is analyzed, and the main source of energy recovery is determined. A test system is established to measure and analyze the pressure of the excavator in the typical working cycle. The pressure and working time of the excavator under typical working conditions are determined by measuring and analyzing the pressure of the two cavities of the cylinder and the rotary motor in the typical working cycle. According to the measured data, the oil volume can be recovered when the cylinder drops and the rotary motor is braking. According to the original hydraulic system of the excavator, the structure of the energy recovery and release electro-hydraulic system is put forward and the working principle is expounded. In the third chapter, the main components of energy recovery and release system of excavator, accumulator and hydraulic motor are simply introduced, and the parameters of accumulator and hydraulic motor are matched, and the accumulator is described in the actual prototype. Installation of hydraulic motors and valve blocks. In the fourth chapter, the mathematical models of the energy recovery system, the energy recovery system of rotary braking and the energy release system of excavator are established, and the three systems are analyzed according to the mathematical model. The model and simulation of the whole excavator energy recovery and release system are carried out. First of all, the application of simulation software and simulation methods are introduced. The 3D model of excavator mechanism is established by using ADAMS, and the model is imported into the hydraulic system model built by AMESim. The joint simulation of two kinds of software is used to simulate and analyze the falling arm and rotary brake of the traditional excavator, and the model of the excavator with the drop energy recovery system and the energy recovery system of the rotary brake is simulated. The effects of different parameters on energy recovery and release are analyzed, and the system scheme and the selection of components are optimized. In the fifth chapter, the control strategy of the excavator energy recovery and release system is described, and the controller is selected. In the sixth chapter, the performance test scheme of energy recovery and release system is put forward. Compared with the traditional excavator, the energy saving effect of the excavator after installing the energy recovery and releasing system is calculated. The reason of the deviation between experiment and simulation is analyzed. Chapter seven summarizes the main work of this paper, expounds the research conclusions, and makes a prospect for the future research work.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU621
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