日本集合住宅体系的类型演变与设计策略

发布时间：2018-08-13 19:13

【摘要】：集合住宅是一个有机、多元、联动的复杂系统,其发展受政治、经济、技术等多方面影响。当前我国的集合住宅建设虽然量大面广,相关研究也层出不穷,但其研究问题多局限于单一层面的研究,比如住宅政策、居住模式、规划与建筑设计等,缺乏历史性的、多体系多要素的研究和归纳。不利于客观评价我国集合住宅发展现状,科学把握和预测未来的发展趋势。日本集合住宅在引进欧美模式的基础上,经历了批量生产、多样化探索、可持续发展等长期的历程,积累了丰富的集合住宅可持续发展经验。这些经验对于有着大量建设需求的中国来说,已经形成重要的借鉴,产生重要的影响。但是我国对于日本集合住宅发展模式研究和参考,多基于大规模住宅供给与需求的基础上,局限于单一层面的时效性的住宅政策和技术要素的研究内容。关于日本集合住宅体系的研究,长期以来多为单一专业领域内的研究集聚和深化。已有研究成果对于复杂多样的集合住宅来说,无法客观地勾勒出整体的发展样态,及其内在的发展规律。集合住宅体系的发展与住宅政策、住区规划、户型设计、建造技术密不可分。研究日本集合住宅长期发展过程中的多体系多要素的内在关联性,总结其可持续发展原则,对于客观评价我国住宅发展现状,科学制订住宅发展策略,研究住宅的可持续设计方法具有重要的参考意义。本研究着眼于日本近百年集合住宅的阶段性发展,基于大量的相关文献,以及留日期间收集的一手资料和研究成果,系统地研究和分析了日本集合住宅的发展模式,以及形成长期优良集合住宅的内在机制,并建立了影响集合住宅发展的系统性评价方法和平台。研究首先论述了日本集合住宅发展历史和影响因素,搭建了政策措施、住区规划、户型设计、建造技术四个层级的研究体系和框架,在此基础上,对每个层级从历史角度纵向延伸,具体阐述了日本集合住宅体系的类型演变及其原则。其次,通过定性评价分析,构建了中日集合住宅的时序性及长期优良型评价体系,实现了中日集合住宅横向比较的平台。最后,通过中日集合住宅系统的论证和比较,从政策、住区、户型以及建造技术方面提出了我国未来集合住宅的阶段性发展策略。通过对集合住宅体系的类型演变模式及设计策略的研究,为集合住宅问题从多方面理解提供一种思路,从而能更加有机的、辩证的解决集合住宅发展问题。
[Abstract]:Collective residence is an organic, pluralistic and interactive complex system, whose development is influenced by politics, economy, technology and so on. Although the quantity of collective housing construction in our country is large and extensive, the related research is endless, but its research problems are limited to single level research, such as housing policy, housing mode, planning and architectural design, etc., which is lack of historical. Research and induction of multi-system and multi-elements. It is unfavorable to objectively evaluate the present situation of collective housing development in our country, and scientifically grasp and predict the future development trend. Based on the introduction of European and American models, Japanese collective housing has experienced a long process of mass production, diversified exploration and sustainable development, and accumulated rich experience of sustainable development of collective housing. These experiences have formed an important reference for China, which has a large demand for construction. However, the research and reference of Japanese collective housing development model in China is based on the supply and demand of large-scale housing, and is limited to the research content of the time-efficient housing policy and technical elements of a single level. For a long time, the research on Japanese collective housing system has been concentrated and deepened in a single professional field. For the complex and diverse collective housing, the existing research results can not objectively outline the overall development pattern and its inherent development law. The development of collective housing system is closely related to housing policy, housing planning, household design and construction technology. This paper studies the internal relationship of multi-system and multi-elements in the long-term development of Japanese collective housing, summarizes its sustainable development principles, and scientifically formulates housing development strategies for objectively evaluating the present situation of housing development in China. It is of great significance to study the sustainable design method of housing. This study focuses on the periodic development of Japanese collective housing in the past 100 years. Based on a large number of relevant documents, as well as the primary data and research results collected during the stay in Japan, this paper systematically studies and analyzes the development model of Japanese collective housing. And the internal mechanism of forming long-term excellent collective housing is established, and the systematic evaluation method and platform that affect the development of collective housing are established. The research first discusses the history and influencing factors of Japanese collective housing development, and sets up four levels of research system and framework, including policy measures, residential area planning, household design, and construction technology, on the basis of which, From the historical point of view, the evolution and principles of the Japanese collective housing system are expounded. Secondly, through the qualitative evaluation and analysis, the paper constructs the timing and long-term excellent evaluation system of Chinese and Japanese collective housing, and realizes the platform of horizontal comparison between China and Japan. Finally, through the demonstration and comparison between China and Japan, this paper puts forward the stage development strategy of China's future collective housing from the aspects of policy, residential area, household type and construction technology. Through the study of the evolution mode and design strategy of the collective housing system, this paper provides a way of thinking for the collective housing problem to be understood from many aspects, so as to solve the problem of collective housing development more organically and dialectically.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.2

【参考文献】