湘西地区辰阳古镇建筑保护与形态更新研究

发布时间：2018-08-19 17:22

【摘要】：湘西地区辰阳古镇地处沅江、辰水、双溪三水相汇的西北河谷平原狭长地带，背倚群山，，地势东高西低，自公元589年定县治于此，迄今已有1400余年的历史。明清之后，古镇因地处当局经略西南之必要孔道，依托区位水运交通优势，手工业、商业、矿业得到发展，丝织品、酒、桐油等贸易繁荣，上溯贵州，下达洞庭，直入长江，远销汉口，逐步发展成为沅水流域湘鄂沟通滇黔的贸易路线上重要的集散之地，抗日内迁时期鼎盛一时。至今，古镇传统风貌犹存，是为湘西地区县治之地为数不多的可贵之处。针对传统建筑保护的研究，本文力求保持理性与客观的态度，在实地调查与文献爬梳的基础上，采取从深度解释到适度批判的研究立场，引入定量研究方法进行综合分析。文本内容递进如下：首先是对建筑保护这一理念的发展进行梳理，探讨其研究现状和方向，提出本次研究的背景、意义、方法、内容与框架；其次是概括性阐述辰阳古镇的地理环境及风土人情；第三是分析古镇发展的各个历史阶段，引入定量分析方法，从路网、建筑密度、建筑高度、地块、功能等诸方面出发，并通过史志图文的考证，加入古镇原有城墙、城门、街巷等历史空间元素，综合界定古镇各个片区的范围；第四是重点分析传统风貌保存较好的柳树湾片区，剖析其历史及现在的空间对应关系，提炼出“五纵三横”的平面空间骨架、特色空间节点和“河滩—河壁—街巷”的垂直空间形态；第五是传统建筑保护与更新研究，通过对辰阳古镇传统建筑类型、传统构造技术、建筑材料、传统建构程序及仪式，建筑演进等几个方面的研究，分析传统建筑形态要素，并以湖南大学西迁辰溪办事处设计为实例，阐述建筑保护与形态更新的具体方法；最后针对古镇现状，提出“水—滩—壁—台—山”的形态层次和关于街巷、地块、建筑三个方面的保护与更新要点及其他建议。置于湘西地区视野之下，对古镇进行系统的研究，既有利于城镇对于自身特质的梳理和认识，又利于传统建筑及聚落地域性价值的形态判断。本文期望以其为例，为湘西地区后发城镇保留翔实的历史素材，并有所裨益于该地区城镇明确定位，做好规划与建设、实现特质与可持续发展。
[Abstract]:The ancient town of Chenyang in western Hunan is located in the narrow belt of the northwest valley plain of Yuanjiang River, Chenshui and Shuangxi. It is located on the back of the mountains and is low in the east and west. Dingxian County has a history of more than 1400 years since 589 AD. After the Ming and Qing dynasties, due to the fact that the ancient town was located by the authorities through the necessary holes in the southwest, relying on the advantages of regional water transportation and transportation, the development of handicraft industry, commerce, mining, silk goods, wine, tung oil, and so on, the ancient town went back to Guizhou, went down to Dongting, and went straight into the Yangtze River. Far-selling Hankou, gradually developed into the Yuanshui River basin Hunan-Hubei communication between Yunnan and Guizhou on the trade route of an important distribution, the peak of the period of anti-Japanese migration for a while. Up to now, the ancient town traditional style still exists, is for the Xiangxi area county government land rare valuable place. In view of the research of traditional architectural protection, this paper tries to maintain a rational and objective attitude. On the basis of field investigation and literature climbing comb, this paper adopts the research stand from depth interpretation to moderate criticism, and introduces quantitative research methods for comprehensive analysis. The content of the text is as follows: firstly, the development of the concept of architectural protection is combed, the research status and direction are discussed, and the background, significance, method, content and framework of this study are put forward. Secondly, it gives a general description of the geographical environment and local customs of the ancient town of Chenyang. The third is to analyze the historical stages of the development of the ancient town, and to introduce quantitative analysis methods, starting from the aspects of road network, building density, building height, land block, function and so on. And through the textual research of historical records, adding the historical space elements such as the original city walls, city gates, streets and alleys in the ancient town, and comprehensively defining the scope of each section of the ancient town. The fourth is to focus on the analysis of the Liushuwan area, where the traditional style and features are better preserved. By analyzing its historical and present spatial corresponding relations, the paper abstracts the plane space skeleton of "five vertical and three horizontal", the special spatial node and the vertical spatial form of "riverbank, river wall and street". The fifth is the research on the protection and renewal of traditional buildings. Based on the study of the traditional architectural types, traditional structural techniques, building materials, traditional construction procedures and rituals, architectural evolution and other aspects of the ancient town of Chenyang, the paper analyzes the elements of traditional architectural form. Taking the design of Chenxi office of Hunan University as an example, this paper expounds the concrete methods of architectural protection and morphological renewal, and finally, aiming at the present situation of ancient towns, puts forward the morphological level of "water- beach, wall-platform-mountain", and discusses the street and lane, land block, and so on. The main points of protection and renewal in three aspects of architecture and other suggestions. Under the vision of Xiangxi region, the systematic study on the ancient towns is not only conducive to the combing and understanding of their own characteristics, but also conducive to the shape judgment of the regional value of traditional architecture and settlements. This paper looks forward to taking it as an example to reserve rich historical materials for the later developed towns in western Hunan, and to benefit from the clear positioning, planning and construction of the towns in this area, and the realization of the characteristics and sustainable development of the cities and towns in this region.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-87;TU984.114

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