城市公园游憩活动与其空间关系的研究
发布时间：2018-08-21 20:33
【摘要】：随着时代的发展，游憩活动作为城市生活中最普遍的休闲方式，正日益成为保持城市能量平衡，推动城市发展的有效手段。城市公园是城市开放空间中游憩活动较为集聚、空间类型多样的绿地形式，它在满足城市居民日常健身、娱乐和交流等游憩活动方面具有不可替代的作用，成为城市居民闲暇放松、恢复体力和进行日常游憩活动的首选场所。然而，要想建设出科学实用的城市公园，必须首先从游憩者活动类型和行为心理角度出发，研究城市公园不同游憩行为与其相应活动空间的关系，并在此基础上总结出与每种游憩活动相适宜的游憩空间的特征，方可获得满足市民游憩活动需求的游憩空间的营造方法。目前，有关该方面的研究鲜见报道，因此，从公园利用者行为心理角度出发，研究城市公园游憩活动与其空间的关系，对科学规划设计和建造公园空间，提高公园利用率，解决当前公园建设过程中出现的诸多问题具有重要意义。 本文对城市公园游憩活动与其空间关系进行如下研究： 1、开展对山东省泰安市典型综合性公园游憩活动的现状调查和分析。选取泰安市主城区重要的三个城市公园为研究对象，通过对游人进行问卷调查、实地考察及深度访谈等方式，分析了游客的基本属性、公园游憩空间利用特征及游人对城市公园空间的满意度等方面，从游客对公园游憩活动空间心理需求的角度，，有针对性的对泰安市主要城市公园的游憩活动现状进行探讨和分析，为科学进行城市公园规划设计与建造提供了理论参考和指导性意见 2、以城市公园游憩活动空间构成要素为研究对象，将游客游憩活动分为健身、娱乐和交流活动三种类型，从游客行为心理倾向角度选取指标要素，采用AHP层次分析法的“目标—指标层次结构”建立城市公园游憩活动空间评价指标体系。本文在前期大量文献研究和对公园游憩活动现状调查的基础上对每种游憩活动类型所需要的空间场所进行深入细致的观察和记录，在探明每种游憩活动类型对其相应空间功能需求的基础上，归纳总结出游憩空间重要评价指标。为确保指标的权威性、科学性和可操作性，经过两次专家意见征询和详细论证，最后确定并建立影响游憩活动的空间构成要素指标体系，为定量化比较和分析空间构成要素奠定基础。 3、运用现代决策分析方法（AHP层次分析法）研究公园游憩空间构成要素之间的相互关系，获得公园游憩空间构成要素的权重及其重要性排序。权重计算结果显示： 公园健身空间构成要素中一级指标影响力权重及其排序为：自然要素（0.6842）＞人工要素（0.3158），隶属自然要素的4项二级指标的权重及其排序为：地形平坦（0.3653）＞植物丰富（0.2263）＞绿化优美（0.0574）＞地形起伏（0.0352）；隶属人工要素的7项二级指标的权重及排序为：适宜场地（0.1073）＞健身器械（0.0744）＞人文景观（0.0514）＞园路畅通（0.0361）＞遮荫设施（0.0231）＞座椅坐凳（0.0161）＞照明设施（0.0074）。 公园娱乐空间构成要素中一级指标影响力权重及其排序为：人工要素（0.5968）＞自然要素（0.4032）；隶属自然要素的4项二级指标的权重及其排序为：起伏山地（0.1868）＞景色优美（0.1127）＞适宜水域（0.0633）＞植被丰富（0.0404）；隶属人工要素的7项二级指标的权重及排序为：休闲广场（0.2346）＞游乐设施（0.1420）＞场地平整（0.0851）＞遮蔽设施（0.0568）＞园路合理（0.0354）＞动态水景（0.0250）＞趣味小品（0.0180）。 公园交流空间构成要素中一级指标影响力权重及其排序为：人工要素（0.6614）＞自然要素（0.3386），隶属自然要素的5项二级指标的权重及其排序为：私密空间（0.1538）＞遮荫乔木（0.0955）＞缓坡土丘（0.0474）＞水景优美（0.0270）＞阳光草坪（0.0149）；隶属人工要素的6项二级指标的权重及排序为：场所边界（0.2865）＞休憩桌椅（0.1843）＞停憩场所（0.0795）＞适宜广场（0.0533）＞林荫夹道（0.0352）＞景观小品（0.0227）。 4、以城市公园游憩活动空间评价体系为框架，结合公园实地观察和游客访谈，配合大量具体例证分析，分别对健身、娱乐、交流三种公园游憩空间的营建手法进行总结和梳理。研究从城市公园游憩活动与相应空间构成要素关系的角度，针对适宜不同类型游憩活动的空间要素指标做出系统的探讨和分析，并对游客公园游憩活动的方式、时间、特点与活动空间的位置、空间的类型以及空间的特征方面进行了有针对性的研究，获得与每种游憩活动项目相适宜的游憩空间的特征，提出满足市民游憩活动需求的游憩空间的营造方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, recreational activities, as the most common leisure mode in urban life, are increasingly becoming an effective means to maintain urban energy balance and promote urban development.Urban parks are the green forms with more concentrated recreational activities and diversified spatial types in urban open space, which meet the daily fitness, entertainment and transportation needs of urban residents. Recreational activities such as flow play an irreplaceable role and become the preferred place for urban residents to relax, restore physical strength and carry out daily recreational activities. Based on the relationship between the activity space and the characteristics of each kind of recreational space, the construction method of the recreational space can be obtained to meet the needs of the public. The relationship between activities and their space is of great significance to the scientific planning, design and construction of Park space, to improve the utilization rate of park, and to solve many problems in the process of Park construction.
This paper studies the relationship between recreational activities in urban parks and their spatial relations.
1. To investigate and analyze the status quo of recreational activities of typical comprehensive parks in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. Three important urban parks in Tai'an City were selected as the research objects. Through questionnaire survey, field investigation and in-depth interviews, the basic attributes of tourists, the characteristics of Park recreational space utilization and visitors were analyzed. From the angle of tourists'psychological demand for park recreational space, this paper discusses and analyzes the present situation of recreational activities of main urban parks in Tai'an City, providing theoretical reference and guidance for scientific planning, design and construction of urban parks.
2. Taking the elements of recreational space in urban parks as the research object, this paper divides the recreational activities of tourists into three types: fitness, entertainment and communication. The index elements are selected from the angle of tourists'behavioral and psychological inclination, and the evaluation index system of recreational space in urban parks is established by using the "target-index hierarchy structure" of AHP. On the basis of a large amount of literature research and investigation on the status quo of Park recreational activities, this paper makes a thorough and meticulous observation and record on the space places needed by each type of recreational activities, and summarizes the important evaluation indexes of recreational space on the basis of ascertaining the corresponding space function requirements of each type of recreational activities. The authoritativeness, scientificity and maneuverability of the index are guaranteed. After two expert consultation and detailed argumentation, the index system of spatial elements affecting recreational activities is determined and established, which lays a foundation for quantitative comparison and analysis of spatial elements.
3. Using modern decision analysis method (AHP) to study the relationship between the elements of Park recreational space, the weight and importance of the elements of Park recreational space were obtained.
The weights of the first-class indexes and their ranking are natural factors (0.6842)>artificial factors (0.3158). The weights and ranking of the four second-class indexes belonging to natural factors are flat terrain (0.3653)>rich plants (0.2263)>beautiful greening (0.0574)>undulating terrain (0.0352). The weights and ranking of the seven secondary indexes were: suitable site (0.1073) > fitness equipment (0.0744) > humanistic landscape (0.0514) > Open Garden Road (0.0361) > shading facilities (0.0231) > seat (0.0161) > lighting facilities (0.0074).
The weights and rankings of the first-class indexes in the elements of Park recreational space are as follows: artificial factors (0.5968) > natural factors (0.4032); the weights and rankings of the four secondary indexes belonging to natural factors are: undulating mountain (0.1868) > beautiful scenery (0.1127) > suitable waters (0.0633) > abundant vegetation (0.0404); and artificial factors. The weights and rankings of the seven secondary indexes were as follows: leisure Plaza (0.2346) > recreational facilities (0.1420) > site leveling (0.0851) > shelter facilities (0.0568) > reasonable Garden Road (0.0354) > dynamic water scenery (0.0250) > interesting sketches (0.0180).
The weights of the first-class indexes and their ranking were as follows: artificial factors (0.6614) > natural factors (0.3386). The weights and ranking of the five second-class indexes were as follows: private space (0.1538) > shading trees (0.0955) > gentle slope mound (0.0474) > Beautiful waterscape (0.0270) > sunshine lawn (0.0149). The weights and rankings of the six secondary indexes subordinate to the artificial factors were as follows: site boundary (0.2865) > rest table and chair (0.1843) > rest place (0.0795) > suitable square (0.0533) > tree-lined sandwich (0.0352) > landscape sketch (0.0227).
4. Based on the evaluation system of recreational space in urban parks, combined with field observation and visitor interviews, combined with a large number of concrete case studies, this paper summarizes and combs the construction methods of three kinds of Park recreational space: fitness, entertainment and communication. This paper makes a systematic discussion and Analysis on the spatial elements suitable for different types of recreational activities, and makes a pertinent study on the mode, time, characteristics, location, types and characteristics of the recreational activities in tourist parks, so as to obtain the characteristics of the recreational spaces suitable for each recreational activity. To create a recreation space to meet the needs of recreational activities.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU986.5
本文编号：2196274
[Abstract]:With the development of the times, recreational activities, as the most common leisure mode in urban life, are increasingly becoming an effective means to maintain urban energy balance and promote urban development.Urban parks are the green forms with more concentrated recreational activities and diversified spatial types in urban open space, which meet the daily fitness, entertainment and transportation needs of urban residents. Recreational activities such as flow play an irreplaceable role and become the preferred place for urban residents to relax, restore physical strength and carry out daily recreational activities. Based on the relationship between the activity space and the characteristics of each kind of recreational space, the construction method of the recreational space can be obtained to meet the needs of the public. The relationship between activities and their space is of great significance to the scientific planning, design and construction of Park space, to improve the utilization rate of park, and to solve many problems in the process of Park construction.
This paper studies the relationship between recreational activities in urban parks and their spatial relations.
1. To investigate and analyze the status quo of recreational activities of typical comprehensive parks in Tai'an City, Shandong Province. Three important urban parks in Tai'an City were selected as the research objects. Through questionnaire survey, field investigation and in-depth interviews, the basic attributes of tourists, the characteristics of Park recreational space utilization and visitors were analyzed. From the angle of tourists'psychological demand for park recreational space, this paper discusses and analyzes the present situation of recreational activities of main urban parks in Tai'an City, providing theoretical reference and guidance for scientific planning, design and construction of urban parks.
2. Taking the elements of recreational space in urban parks as the research object, this paper divides the recreational activities of tourists into three types: fitness, entertainment and communication. The index elements are selected from the angle of tourists'behavioral and psychological inclination, and the evaluation index system of recreational space in urban parks is established by using the "target-index hierarchy structure" of AHP. On the basis of a large amount of literature research and investigation on the status quo of Park recreational activities, this paper makes a thorough and meticulous observation and record on the space places needed by each type of recreational activities, and summarizes the important evaluation indexes of recreational space on the basis of ascertaining the corresponding space function requirements of each type of recreational activities. The authoritativeness, scientificity and maneuverability of the index are guaranteed. After two expert consultation and detailed argumentation, the index system of spatial elements affecting recreational activities is determined and established, which lays a foundation for quantitative comparison and analysis of spatial elements.
3. Using modern decision analysis method (AHP) to study the relationship between the elements of Park recreational space, the weight and importance of the elements of Park recreational space were obtained.
The weights of the first-class indexes and their ranking are natural factors (0.6842)>artificial factors (0.3158). The weights and ranking of the four second-class indexes belonging to natural factors are flat terrain (0.3653)>rich plants (0.2263)>beautiful greening (0.0574)>undulating terrain (0.0352). The weights and ranking of the seven secondary indexes were: suitable site (0.1073) > fitness equipment (0.0744) > humanistic landscape (0.0514) > Open Garden Road (0.0361) > shading facilities (0.0231) > seat (0.0161) > lighting facilities (0.0074).
The weights and rankings of the first-class indexes in the elements of Park recreational space are as follows: artificial factors (0.5968) > natural factors (0.4032); the weights and rankings of the four secondary indexes belonging to natural factors are: undulating mountain (0.1868) > beautiful scenery (0.1127) > suitable waters (0.0633) > abundant vegetation (0.0404); and artificial factors. The weights and rankings of the seven secondary indexes were as follows: leisure Plaza (0.2346) > recreational facilities (0.1420) > site leveling (0.0851) > shelter facilities (0.0568) > reasonable Garden Road (0.0354) > dynamic water scenery (0.0250) > interesting sketches (0.0180).
The weights of the first-class indexes and their ranking were as follows: artificial factors (0.6614) > natural factors (0.3386). The weights and ranking of the five second-class indexes were as follows: private space (0.1538) > shading trees (0.0955) > gentle slope mound (0.0474) > Beautiful waterscape (0.0270) > sunshine lawn (0.0149). The weights and rankings of the six secondary indexes subordinate to the artificial factors were as follows: site boundary (0.2865) > rest table and chair (0.1843) > rest place (0.0795) > suitable square (0.0533) > tree-lined sandwich (0.0352) > landscape sketch (0.0227).
4. Based on the evaluation system of recreational space in urban parks, combined with field observation and visitor interviews, combined with a large number of concrete case studies, this paper summarizes and combs the construction methods of three kinds of Park recreational space: fitness, entertainment and communication. This paper makes a systematic discussion and Analysis on the spatial elements suitable for different types of recreational activities, and makes a pertinent study on the mode, time, characteristics, location, types and characteristics of the recreational activities in tourist parks, so as to obtain the characteristics of the recreational spaces suitable for each recreational activity. To create a recreation space to meet the needs of recreational activities.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU986.5
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