基于次声波的供热管道泄漏检测系统设计
发布时间：2018-08-22 17:41
【摘要】：管道泄漏是威胁管道运行安全的主要因素，每年由于管道泄漏事件引起的经济损失是非常巨大的，同时供热系统的管道泄漏事件还会造成很严重的社会不良影响，所以解决管道泄漏的问题不仅不能减少经济损失还能维护社会的和谐稳定。应用次声波泄漏检测技术可以对管道泄漏进行快速准确的检测，研究成果可以在各类供热及其他运输管道上应用，为管道泄漏检测的进一步发展提供了一定的科学依据。 本文应用次声波泄漏检测法对供热管道的泄漏进行检测，对其检测原理、软件及硬件的编写及应用进行了详细的阐述，主要的工作如下： 1、对卡尔曼滤波算法进行改进。分析卡尔曼滤波原理，针对卡尔曼滤波对频域信号滤波效果不明显的问题，根据次声波的频域特点对滤波算法进行改进，，通过加强低频信号的检测能力，凸显泄漏信号的低频分量，为管道泄漏定位奠定基础。 2、对管道泄漏检测系统的硬件进行设计。管道泄漏检测系统包括检查井泄漏和管道泄漏，目前市场上没有针对检查井检测的相关设备，本文设计了基于16位超低功耗单片机PIC24F16KA102的检查井泄漏检测的硬件系统，能快速检测出检查井内的泄漏情况，该系统利用蓄电池可连续工作一个采暖期以上的时间；设计了基于STM32F103、GPRS和GPS的管道泄漏硬件系统，实现了管道泄漏数据的采集与传输。 3、对上位机软件和下位机软件进行了设计，上位机软件设计部分介绍了次声波法泄泄漏定位的原理和计算过程，并以Labview为基础，实用MATHSCRIPT内嵌脚本的方法，进行算法移植，同时设计了上位机软件的其他功能，包括数据接收、数据存储、数据读取、泄漏信号分析、泄漏定位、历史数据查询等功能模块，同时还包括软件的的界面及实现泄漏实时报警等功能。下位机软件部分包括两个部分，一是检查井部分程序设计和管道泄漏检测部分的软件设计，检查井部分的下位机软件直接编写应用程序和模块驱动，管道泄漏检测部分包括操作系统的移植，应用程序的编写和外围模块驱动的编写。 4、对整个系统进行测试，包括检查井和管道两大部分，检查井部分的测试包括对泄漏检测功能和检查井盖防盗功能的测试，还包括对检查井部分硬件系统功耗的测试，分析其功耗是否能满足至少一个供暖期的使用，最后是对检查井硬件部分与上位机软件部分的通信进行测试，管道泄漏检测部分的测试包括下位机信号采集和向上位机传输是否正常以及上位机软件是否能正常的对数据进行存储、读取、处理并进行定位的功能。而且本系统已经在大庆油田矿区服务事业部的供热公司进行现场应用。
[Abstract]:Pipeline leakage is the main factor threatening the safety of pipeline operation. The economic loss caused by pipeline leakage every year is very huge. At the same time, the pipeline leakage of heating system will also cause very serious social adverse effects. Therefore, solving the problem of pipeline leakage can not only reduce economic losses but also maintain social harmony and stability. The application of infrasound leak detection technology can be used to detect pipeline leakage quickly and accurately. The research results can be applied to all kinds of heat supply and other transportation pipelines, which provides a scientific basis for the further development of pipeline leakage detection. In this paper, the leakage detection method of infrasound wave is used to detect the leakage of heating pipeline. The principle, software and hardware of the leak detection and its application are described in detail. The main work is as follows: 1. The Kalman filtering algorithm is improved. This paper analyzes the principle of Kalman filter, aiming at the problem that the effect of Kalman filter on frequency domain signal is not obvious, the filtering algorithm is improved according to the frequency domain characteristic of infrasound wave, and the detection ability of low frequency signal is strengthened. The low frequency component of the leakage signal is highlighted to lay the foundation for the pipeline leakage location. 2, the hardware of the pipeline leakage detection system is designed. Pipeline leak detection system includes inspection well leakage and pipeline leakage. At present, there is no relevant equipment for inspection well detection in the market. In this paper, a hardware system of inspection well leakage detection based on 16-bit ultra-low power MCU PIC24F16KA102 is designed. The system can detect leakage in well quickly, the system can work more than one heating period continuously by using battery, and the hardware system of pipeline leakage based on STM32F103GPRS and GPS is designed. The collection and transmission of pipeline leakage data are realized. 3. The upper computer software and the lower computer software are designed. The design part of the upper computer software introduces the principle and calculation process of the infrasonic leak leakage location, and based on Labview. Practical MATHSCRIPT embedded script method, algorithm transplantation, at the same time designed other functions of the host computer software, including data receiving, data storage, data reading, leak signal analysis, leak location, historical data query and other functional modules. At the same time, it also includes the interface of the software and the function of realizing the real-time alarm of leakage. The part of the lower computer software includes two parts, one is the software design of the inspection well part and the pipeline leak detection part, the other is the software of the inspection well part directly writes the application program and the module driver. The pipeline leak detection part includes the transplantation of the operating system, the writing of the application program and the writing of the peripheral module driver. 4. The whole system is tested, including the inspection well and the pipeline. The testing of the inspection well includes testing the leakage detection function and the anti-theft function of the well cover, as well as testing the power consumption of part of the hardware system of the inspection well, and analyzing whether its power consumption can meet at least one heating period. Finally, the communication between the hardware part of the inspection well and the software part of the host computer is tested. The testing of pipeline leakage detection includes the functions of signal acquisition and transmission to the upper computer and whether the upper computer software can store, read, process and locate the data normally. Moreover, the system has been applied in the heating company of Daqing Oilfield Mining area Service Division.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU995.3;TP274
本文编号：2197840
[Abstract]:Pipeline leakage is the main factor threatening the safety of pipeline operation. The economic loss caused by pipeline leakage every year is very huge. At the same time, the pipeline leakage of heating system will also cause very serious social adverse effects. Therefore, solving the problem of pipeline leakage can not only reduce economic losses but also maintain social harmony and stability. The application of infrasound leak detection technology can be used to detect pipeline leakage quickly and accurately. The research results can be applied to all kinds of heat supply and other transportation pipelines, which provides a scientific basis for the further development of pipeline leakage detection. In this paper, the leakage detection method of infrasound wave is used to detect the leakage of heating pipeline. The principle, software and hardware of the leak detection and its application are described in detail. The main work is as follows: 1. The Kalman filtering algorithm is improved. This paper analyzes the principle of Kalman filter, aiming at the problem that the effect of Kalman filter on frequency domain signal is not obvious, the filtering algorithm is improved according to the frequency domain characteristic of infrasound wave, and the detection ability of low frequency signal is strengthened. The low frequency component of the leakage signal is highlighted to lay the foundation for the pipeline leakage location. 2, the hardware of the pipeline leakage detection system is designed. Pipeline leak detection system includes inspection well leakage and pipeline leakage. At present, there is no relevant equipment for inspection well detection in the market. In this paper, a hardware system of inspection well leakage detection based on 16-bit ultra-low power MCU PIC24F16KA102 is designed. The system can detect leakage in well quickly, the system can work more than one heating period continuously by using battery, and the hardware system of pipeline leakage based on STM32F103GPRS and GPS is designed. The collection and transmission of pipeline leakage data are realized. 3. The upper computer software and the lower computer software are designed. The design part of the upper computer software introduces the principle and calculation process of the infrasonic leak leakage location, and based on Labview. Practical MATHSCRIPT embedded script method, algorithm transplantation, at the same time designed other functions of the host computer software, including data receiving, data storage, data reading, leak signal analysis, leak location, historical data query and other functional modules. At the same time, it also includes the interface of the software and the function of realizing the real-time alarm of leakage. The part of the lower computer software includes two parts, one is the software design of the inspection well part and the pipeline leak detection part, the other is the software of the inspection well part directly writes the application program and the module driver. The pipeline leak detection part includes the transplantation of the operating system, the writing of the application program and the writing of the peripheral module driver. 4. The whole system is tested, including the inspection well and the pipeline. The testing of the inspection well includes testing the leakage detection function and the anti-theft function of the well cover, as well as testing the power consumption of part of the hardware system of the inspection well, and analyzing whether its power consumption can meet at least one heating period. Finally, the communication between the hardware part of the inspection well and the software part of the host computer is tested. The testing of pipeline leakage detection includes the functions of signal acquisition and transmission to the upper computer and whether the upper computer software can store, read, process and locate the data normally. Moreover, the system has been applied in the heating company of Daqing Oilfield Mining area Service Division.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU995.3;TP274
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