明代洪武时期南京鼓楼建筑复原研究

发布时间：2018-09-12 12:49

【摘要】：南京鼓楼始建于明洪武十五年（1382年），设置于城市中心的高岗之上，由上部城楼和下部砖砌城台组成。城楼毁于明末清初，现存城楼为清康熙年间修建，城台为明初原物，由于重修时鼓楼城楼已由计时报时报警礼仪的鼓楼，转变为保护“圣谕”之碑的碑楼，因此建筑规模、等级及做法均发生很大变化。民国时期对于鼓楼的改造以及鼓楼公园的成立，使鼓楼的建筑语言以及在城市中的定位含混不清，新中国成立后对于南京鼓楼进行的维修，多着眼于对其明代城台和清代碑楼文物本体的保护，对于明初南京鼓楼的建筑形制，，并未有学者做过专门研究。本文以南京鼓楼现存明代城台形制及其顶部明初遗存柱础为依据，参考现存明代钟鼓楼建筑、城楼建筑以及同时期明代官式建筑实例的做法，对照历史文献资料，对明代南京鼓楼城台、城楼进行复原研究，通过分析其空间、比例关系及细部做法，完成复原设计工作。本文首先论述了鼓楼建筑的历史、梳理了南京鼓楼的修缮及维修概况，明确了明代南京鼓楼建筑形制研究的重要性。其次从鼓楼在城市中的位置及其与道路的关系、建于高地之上的优势和其特殊朝向的原因三个角度分析了明南京城与鼓楼的关系，并介绍了明中都及明北京的鼓楼管理体系，从选址和管理体系两个方面分别论述了南京鼓楼与都城南京在城市规划和城市建制方面的关系。第三，从城台基础、墙体砌筑、拱券、台顶做法等方面入手，研究明代南京鼓楼城台特征，对城台的比例及垂直交通空间进行了探讨。此外，从平面、剖面、立面、斗h1及大木构件尺寸等角度分析明代南京鼓楼城楼的构成，从小木作、彩画、琉璃几个方面研究总结明代城楼各部分做法。据此对明代南京鼓楼进行复原设计研究。文中最后附有复原设计图纸。
[Abstract]:Nanjing Gulou was built in Ming Hongwu fifteen years (1382), set on the city center of Gao Gang, made up of upper tower and lower brick platform. The city tower was destroyed in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. The existing city tower was built during the period of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, and the city platform was the original object in the early Ming Dynasty. Since the tower had changed from a ritual drum tower with timing and alarm to a monument building to protect the monument of the "holy oracle", it was built on a scale. Great changes have taken place in levels and practices. During the period of the Republic of China, the reconstruction of the Drum Tower and the establishment of the Gulou Park made the building language of the Drum Tower and its positioning in the city unclear. After the founding of New China, the maintenance of the Drum Tower in Nanjing was carried out. Most of them focus on the protection of the cultural relics of the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. No scholars have done any special research on the architectural form of the Nanjing Drum Tower in the early Ming Dynasty. Based on the existing structure of the city platform of the Ming Dynasty in Nanjing Gulou and its top residual pillar foundation in the early Ming Dynasty, this paper refers to the existing Zhonggu Tower buildings in the Ming Dynasty, the city towers and the official buildings of the Ming Dynasty in the same period, and contrasts with the historical documents. The restoration of the Gulou City platform and the City Tower in the Ming Dynasty was studied, and the restoration design was completed by analyzing the space, the proportion relation and the detailed method. This paper first discusses the history of the Drum Building, combs the repair and maintenance of the Drum Tower in Nanjing, and clarifies the importance of the study on the shape of the Gulou Building in the Ming Dynasty. Secondly, from three angles of the position of the Drum Tower in the city and its relationship with the road, the advantages of the building on the high ground and the reasons for its special orientation, this paper analyzes the relationship between the capital of the Ming Dynasty and the Gulou Tower, and introduces the management system of the Drum Tower in the Midtown of the Ming Dynasty and the Ming Dynasty in Beijing. This paper discusses the relationship between Nanjing Drum Tower and the capital city of Nanjing in urban planning and urban system from two aspects of location selection and management system. Thirdly, from the aspects of city platform foundation, wall masonry, arch ticket, roof method and so on, this paper studies the characteristics of Nanjing Gulou city platform in Ming Dynasty, and discusses the proportion of city platform and vertical traffic space. In addition, from the aspects of plane, section, facade, Dou H1 and the dimensions of large wooden components, this paper analyzes the composition of the Gulou Tower in Nanjing in Ming Dynasty, and studies and summarizes the practices of each part of the building in Ming Dynasty from the aspects of small woodwork, color painting and glaze. Based on this, the restoration design of Nanjing Drum Tower in Ming Dynasty was studied. At the end of this paper, the design drawings of restoration are attached.
【学位授予单位】：南京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU-87

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