控制性详细规划中的不透水面规划控制研究
发布时间：2018-09-12 21:04
【摘要】：城市化过程中，，人类对生态环境最大的扰动就是将透水的自然地表改造成为不透水的硬化地表，这直接改变了原有的的水文循环机制，影响了流域的水文生态环境，引起了一系列的生态环境问题。如何应对城市化过程中不可能消除的不透水地表产生的负面效应成为了当今规划界广泛关注的议题。作为城市开发建设的直接管理依据，从控制性详细规划着手研究探讨不透水面的规划控制途径对我国当前亟待解决的城市不透水面引发的系列问题更具有现实意义。 论文通过分析总结不透水面的规划控制的相关理论研究和实践进展,探讨了控制性详细规划编制过程中不透水面规划控制的必要性和可能的途径。结合低影响开发、生态网络、精明增长、生态补偿四大理论，提出了控制性详细规划中不透水面规划控制的目标、实施路径及主要内容，指出了控规中与不透水面规划控制密切相关的四个系统规划要素，即用地规划、交通系统规划、绿地系统规划、雨水工程规划，并从规划设计、指标设置、实施管理三个方面系统的制定了不透水面规划控制的策略体系。 在规划设计策略中，结合国内外相关研究及实践经验，在相关理论的指导下尝试构建生态雨水设施的宏观载体“雨水生态格网”，模拟开发前雨水地表径流的排放过程，将土地使用、交通系统、绿地系统、雨水系统进行优化、协调、整合，赋予雨水生态格网生态、交通、雨水管理等多重功能，对城市化的硬化地表进行生态切割、对其导致的雨水径流进行生态管理的同时构建了城市水文生态的安全格局，并以之为规划布局的骨架在四个系统规划中提出具体的规划设计策略；在指标设置策略中，以土地集约化利用和雨水生态化管理为控制路径，通过筛选生态规划指标体系中的相关指标，优化控规的容积率指标和可透水面积率指标，补充设置公共服务设施可达性指标、水质、雨水流量控制指标构建了不透水面的规划控制指标体系，并制定了具体计算和应用方法；在实施管理策略中，提出基于水文生态的控规实施管理模式。指出控规层面制定不透水面规划控制导则的必要性，阐述了导则制定的主要原则及内容。最后，研究提出建立改善城市透水性的容积率奖励机制，并详细阐述了其实施途径及奖励方法。
[Abstract]:In the process of urbanization, the biggest disturbance to the ecological environment is to transform the permeable natural surface into the impervious and hardened surface, which directly changes the original hydrological cycle mechanism and affects the hydrological ecological environment of the watershed. Caused a series of ecological environmental problems. How to deal with the negative effects of impervious surface which can not be eliminated in the process of urbanization has become a widespread concern in the planning field. As the direct management basis of urban development and construction, it is of practical significance to study the planning and control ways of impermeable water surface from the perspective of controlling detailed planning for a series of problems caused by impermeable surface in cities that need to be solved urgently in our country. By analyzing and summarizing the relevant theoretical research and practical progress of planning control of impermeable water surface, this paper discusses the necessity and possible ways of planning control of impermeable water surface in the process of making control detailed planning. Combined with the four theories of low impact development, ecological network, smart growth and ecological compensation, the paper puts forward the target, implementation path and main content of surface planning control in controlling detailed planning. This paper points out the four system planning elements closely related to the control of impermeable surface planning, that is, land use planning, transportation system planning, green space system planning, Rain Water engineering planning, and planning design and index setting. Three aspects of the implementation of management system to formulate the impermeable surface planning and control strategy system. In the planning and design strategy, combined with the relevant research and practical experience at home and abroad, under the guidance of relevant theory, try to construct the macro carrier of ecological Rain Water facility "Rain Water ecological grid", simulate the discharge process of the surface runoff before the development. To optimize, coordinate and integrate the land use, transportation system, green space system, Rain Water system, and endow Rain Water with multiple functions such as ecological grid, traffic, Rain Water management, and so on, to ecologically cut the hardened surface of urbanization. The ecological management of Rain Water runoff is carried out, and the safety pattern of urban hydrology ecology is constructed, and the framework of planning layout is taken as the framework of planning and layout, and the specific planning and design strategies are put forward in the four system planning, and in the strategy of index setting, Taking the intensive land utilization and Rain Water ecological management as the control path, through screening the relevant indexes in the ecological planning index system, optimizing the volume ratio index and the permeable area ratio index of the control rules, and supplementing setting the public service facility accessibility index, The water quality and Rain Water discharge control index set up the planning and control index system of impermeable water surface, and formulated the concrete calculation and application method, and put forward the management mode based on hydrology and ecology in implementing the management strategy. This paper points out the necessity of formulating the control guidelines for impermeable surface planning at the level of control and regulation, and expounds the main principles and contents of the formulation of the guidelines. Finally, the paper puts forward to establish the incentive mechanism of the volume rate of improving the urban water permeability, and expounds the implementation way and the reward method in detail.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.1
[Abstract]:In the process of urbanization, the biggest disturbance to the ecological environment is to transform the permeable natural surface into the impervious and hardened surface, which directly changes the original hydrological cycle mechanism and affects the hydrological ecological environment of the watershed. Caused a series of ecological environmental problems. How to deal with the negative effects of impervious surface which can not be eliminated in the process of urbanization has become a widespread concern in the planning field. As the direct management basis of urban development and construction, it is of practical significance to study the planning and control ways of impermeable water surface from the perspective of controlling detailed planning for a series of problems caused by impermeable surface in cities that need to be solved urgently in our country. By analyzing and summarizing the relevant theoretical research and practical progress of planning control of impermeable water surface, this paper discusses the necessity and possible ways of planning control of impermeable water surface in the process of making control detailed planning. Combined with the four theories of low impact development, ecological network, smart growth and ecological compensation, the paper puts forward the target, implementation path and main content of surface planning control in controlling detailed planning. This paper points out the four system planning elements closely related to the control of impermeable surface planning, that is, land use planning, transportation system planning, green space system planning, Rain Water engineering planning, and planning design and index setting. Three aspects of the implementation of management system to formulate the impermeable surface planning and control strategy system. In the planning and design strategy, combined with the relevant research and practical experience at home and abroad, under the guidance of relevant theory, try to construct the macro carrier of ecological Rain Water facility "Rain Water ecological grid", simulate the discharge process of the surface runoff before the development. To optimize, coordinate and integrate the land use, transportation system, green space system, Rain Water system, and endow Rain Water with multiple functions such as ecological grid, traffic, Rain Water management, and so on, to ecologically cut the hardened surface of urbanization. The ecological management of Rain Water runoff is carried out, and the safety pattern of urban hydrology ecology is constructed, and the framework of planning layout is taken as the framework of planning and layout, and the specific planning and design strategies are put forward in the four system planning, and in the strategy of index setting, Taking the intensive land utilization and Rain Water ecological management as the control path, through screening the relevant indexes in the ecological planning index system, optimizing the volume ratio index and the permeable area ratio index of the control rules, and supplementing setting the public service facility accessibility index, The water quality and Rain Water discharge control index set up the planning and control index system of impermeable water surface, and formulated the concrete calculation and application method, and put forward the management mode based on hydrology and ecology in implementing the management strategy. This paper points out the necessity of formulating the control guidelines for impermeable surface planning at the level of control and regulation, and expounds the main principles and contents of the formulation of the guidelines. Finally, the paper puts forward to establish the incentive mechanism of the volume rate of improving the urban water permeability, and expounds the implementation way and the reward method in detail.
【学位授予单位】：北京工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.1
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