有局部高点的长距离高扬程输水系统水锤防护研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 08:50

【摘要】：针对长距离高扬程输水系统管道高差大,沿线地形起伏点多,事故停泵后容易导致水柱分离现象发生,产生具有破坏性的断流弥合水锤的现象,阐述了单向调压塔和空气阀的工作原理,推导了单向调压塔和空气阀边界条件的数学模型,并结合北方某工程实例,应用特征线法对采用空气阀、单向调压塔、单向调压塔与空气阀结合3种不同措施的防护效果进行数值模拟和比较分析,并且计算出管道出现汽化时气体体积变化。结果表明,空气阀容易在管道内形成气囊,导致气锤现象发生,单向调压塔水锤防护效果好,但作用范围有限,单向调压塔和空气阀相结合能有效消除水柱分离现象,抑制事故停泵后管道内剧烈的压力波动,是一种有效的水锤防护措施。
[Abstract]:In view of the large height difference of the pipeline in long distance and high lift water conveyance system and the many topographic undulating points along the line, it is easy to cause water column separation after the accident when the pump is stopped, resulting in a destructive phenomenon of breaking and closing the water hammer. This paper expounds the working principle of unidirectional pressure regulating tower and air valve, deduces the mathematical model of the boundary condition of unidirectional pressure regulating tower and air valve, and applies the characteristic line method to adopt the air valve and the one way pressure regulating tower in a project example in the north. The numerical simulation and comparative analysis of the protective effects of three different measures combined with the unidirectional pressure regulating tower and the air valve were carried out, and the volume change of the gas was calculated when the pipeline was vaporized. The results show that the air bag is easily formed in the pipe, which leads to the phenomenon of air hammer. The water hammer of the unidirectional surge tower has good protection effect, but the range of action is limited. The combination of the unidirectional pressure regulating tower and the air valve can effectively eliminate the phenomenon of water column separation. It is an effective water hammer protection measure to restrain the severe pressure fluctuation in the pipeline after the accident.
【作者单位】：中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院;武汉大学动力与机械学院;
【分类号】：TU991.39

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