基于视线分析的商业中心区塔式高层建筑形体控制研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 19:27

【摘要】：十九世纪中叶，由于工业和经济的迅速发展给人们带来了钢铁工业、电梯和通讯，这使得高层建筑的高速发展成为可能。在之后的时间里，随着世界范围内越来越多的高层建筑实践和频繁商业活动的出现，人们对高层建筑不断提出新的要求，加之新技术、新材料、新结构的出现，使高层建筑有了新的发展。近几十年来，大量的人口城市化促使城市人口密集度增加、地价急速上升、用地高度紧张。因此，商业区的高层建筑如雨后春笋拔地而起，并开始成为当代主导的建筑类型之一。它不仅可以成为多种功能的载体，而且能够将各功能部分系统地整合为统一有机体，实用性极强。由于其高度不断攀升，在许多商业中心区高层建筑开始以塔式高层的形式更密集地出现，它们对城市面貌和城市空间产生越来越大的影响，而人作为城市的主人和观察这些建筑的主体，更受到来自塔式高层建筑形态的视觉冲击。人对这种冲击的反应也一定程度上对商业中心区塔式高层建筑的形体控制提出了更苛刻的设计要求。视知觉在艺术创作、摄影、设计等领域的应用都非常多，其理论涵盖范围非常广泛，而视线分析作为该理论衍生出的一种分析方法在建筑形体控制上的应用越发重要。在建筑设计的范畴内，塔式高层建筑的形体控制是观察者对建筑的视觉感知和符号信息传达的客观前提。国内外不乏关于视知觉的各个基本理论、视知觉在各领域的应用研究以及建筑形态审美研究，但对于视知觉理论具体逻辑化并用视线分析方法，从不同视点研究商业中心区塔式高层建筑尚且不多，因此作者提出针对商业中心区的塔式高层建筑的分析研究并进一步提出建议具有一定的积极意义。作者根据导师研究的高层建筑的方向，收集诸多塔式高层建筑实例，基于视线分析，对多个城市的商业区进行比较全面的实地调研，并运用视域分析、视距分析和视高分析，从多个具有代表意义的视点对塔式高层建筑的实例进行分析比较，总结该建筑在形态塑造方面的经验和问题，并进一步将分析研究扩展到具体的建筑各具体部分，细化分析成果，体现出视线分析在建筑形体控制上的指导作用。继而以笔者参与的长春金源广场的实际工程项目作为例证，进一步验证研究成果的指导意义。最后，文章总结以上内容，，并再次引发读者对于商业中心区塔式高层建筑的形态塑造的进一步探索。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the nineteenth century, the rapid development of industry and economy brought about the iron and steel industry, elevators and communications, which made the rapid development of high-rise buildings possible. In the following time, with the emergence of more and more high-rise building practices and frequent commercial activities around the world, people constantly put forward new requirements for high-rise buildings, together with the emergence of new technologies, new materials, and new structures. New developments have taken place in tall buildings. In recent decades, the urbanization of a large number of people has led to the increase of urban population density, the rapid rise of land price and the high tension of land use. Therefore, commercial district high-rise buildings sprang up and began to become one of the leading architectural types. It not only can be used as a carrier of many functions, but also can be integrated into a unified organism. Because of its rising height, high-rise buildings in many commercial centres have begun to appear more intensively in the form of tall towers, which have an increasing impact on urban appearance and urban space. As the master of the city and the subject of observing these buildings, people are also affected by the visual impact of the tower-style high-rise building form. To some extent, the response of people to this impact puts forward more stringent design requirements for the shape control of tower tall buildings in the commercial center. Visual perception is widely used in the fields of artistic creation, photography, design and so on, and its theory covers a wide range. As an analysis method derived from the theory, line of sight analysis is more and more important in the application of architectural shape control. In the field of architectural design, the shape control of tall tower buildings is the objective premise of visual perception and symbolic information transmission. At home and abroad, there are many basic theories about visual perception, the applied research of visual perception in various fields and the aesthetic research of architectural form, but the theory of visual perception is logically applied to the visual perception theory and the method of line of sight analysis. There are not many tower tall buildings in the commercial center from different viewpoints, so it is of great significance for the author to put forward the analysis and study of the tower tall buildings in the commercial center and further put forward some suggestions. According to the direction of high-rise buildings studied by the tutor, the author collected many examples of tower high-rise buildings, based on the line of sight analysis, carried out a more comprehensive field investigation on the commercial districts of many cities, and used the field of view analysis, visual distance analysis and visual height analysis. This paper analyzes and compares the examples of tower high-rise building from many representative viewpoints, summarizes the experience and problems in the shape shaping of the building, and further extends the analysis and research to the specific parts of the building. Detailed analysis results reflect the guiding role of line of sight analysis in building shape control. Then the author participated in the actual project of Changchun Jinyuan Square as an example to further verify the guiding significance of the research results. Finally, the article summarizes the above contents, and causes readers to further explore the shape of tower tall buildings.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU972

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