城市肌理形态与粗糙度关联性研究
发布时间：2018-10-10 19:28
【摘要】：由于城市形态的不断改变,由此而带来的微气候问题层出不穷,其中空气污染正是大众关注的焦点之一。就建筑学而言,研究空气污染扩散问题的关键对象是城市冠层内部空间几何边界的变化规律及其对空气运动的影响。空气运动在建筑物之间的作用力关系,可以通过空气动力学粗糙度来表征。粗糙度值越高表明空气运动在建筑物之间产生的湍流强度越大,意味着城市冠层内污染物的扩散能力越强。在此基础上,本文以南京城市肌理切片为基本单元,使用计算机工具分析研究城市肌理形态对粗糙度的影响,研究结论以优化城市微环境为目标,为相关研究和设计提可供可量化的城市形态控制指标作为参考。本文的研究内容分为六个章节：首先简述研究背景和研究内容,明确研究对象和目的——城市粗糙度与城市肌理形态的关系,并对相关概念进行界定,确定本文的研究方法；第二章从粗糙度的研究意义、粗糙度的计算方法及粗糙度和城市形态的相关研究三个方面阐述研究的现状及进展；第三章介绍基于Rhino-Grasshopper平台的粗糙度形态学计算方法,并与其他实验平台比较计算结果验证其准确性；在尊重原公式适用条件的前提下,第四章从建筑高度和建筑基底面积两方面筛选出建筑体型变化较小的城市肌理,作为“有效切片”用于后文的计算；第五章中明确了以建筑高度、建筑密度和容积率作为形态参数用于表述城市肌理的体量,以迎风面密度、建筑体型系数和建筑分散度作为形态参数用于表述城市肌理的几何结构,在前文“有效切片”的基础上,从研究范围内提取相关数据用图示法分析六个形态参数的分布状况,并讨论数据变化的原因,比对总结城市肌理形态参数与粗糙度的变化规律；最后对本研究进行回顾,提出研究过程中的不足,并对后期研究进行展望。
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous change of urban morphology, microclimate problems emerge in endlessly, among which air pollution is one of the focuses of public concern. As far as architecture is concerned, the key object to study the diffusion of air pollution is the changing law of geometric boundary in urban canopy and its influence on air movement. The force relation of air motion between buildings can be characterized by aerodynamic roughness. The higher the roughness value is, the greater the turbulent intensity of air movement between buildings is, which means that the diffusion ability of pollutants in the urban canopy is stronger. On this basis, taking Nanjing urban texture slice as the basic unit, this paper uses computer tools to analyze and study the effect of urban texture morphology on roughness, and the research conclusion is to optimize the urban microenvironment. For the relevant research and design to provide quantifiable urban shape control index as a reference. The research content of this paper is divided into six chapters: firstly, the research background and research content are briefly introduced, and the relationship between urban roughness and urban texture morphology is clarified, and the relevant concepts are defined and the research methods are determined. The second chapter describes the research status and progress from three aspects: the significance of roughness, the calculation method of roughness and the research of roughness and urban morphology. Chapter 3 introduces the morphological calculation method of roughness based on Rhino-Grasshopper platform. The results are compared with other experimental platforms to verify its accuracy. On the premise of respecting the applicable conditions of the original formula, the fourth chapter selects the urban texture with little change in building shape from two aspects of building height and building base area. In Chapter 5, the height, density and volume ratio of buildings are used as morphological parameters to describe the body weight of urban texture, which is used to describe the upwind density. Building shape coefficient and building dispersion are used as morphological parameters to express the geometric structure of urban texture. On the basis of "effective section", the distribution of six morphological parameters is analyzed by using the graphic method to extract the relevant data from the scope of the study. The reason of data change is discussed, and the variation law of urban texture parameters and roughness is compared and summarized. Finally, the paper reviews the research, points out the deficiency in the research process, and looks forward to the later study.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984
本文编号：2262979
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous change of urban morphology, microclimate problems emerge in endlessly, among which air pollution is one of the focuses of public concern. As far as architecture is concerned, the key object to study the diffusion of air pollution is the changing law of geometric boundary in urban canopy and its influence on air movement. The force relation of air motion between buildings can be characterized by aerodynamic roughness. The higher the roughness value is, the greater the turbulent intensity of air movement between buildings is, which means that the diffusion ability of pollutants in the urban canopy is stronger. On this basis, taking Nanjing urban texture slice as the basic unit, this paper uses computer tools to analyze and study the effect of urban texture morphology on roughness, and the research conclusion is to optimize the urban microenvironment. For the relevant research and design to provide quantifiable urban shape control index as a reference. The research content of this paper is divided into six chapters: firstly, the research background and research content are briefly introduced, and the relationship between urban roughness and urban texture morphology is clarified, and the relevant concepts are defined and the research methods are determined. The second chapter describes the research status and progress from three aspects: the significance of roughness, the calculation method of roughness and the research of roughness and urban morphology. Chapter 3 introduces the morphological calculation method of roughness based on Rhino-Grasshopper platform. The results are compared with other experimental platforms to verify its accuracy. On the premise of respecting the applicable conditions of the original formula, the fourth chapter selects the urban texture with little change in building shape from two aspects of building height and building base area. In Chapter 5, the height, density and volume ratio of buildings are used as morphological parameters to describe the body weight of urban texture, which is used to describe the upwind density. Building shape coefficient and building dispersion are used as morphological parameters to express the geometric structure of urban texture. On the basis of "effective section", the distribution of six morphological parameters is analyzed by using the graphic method to extract the relevant data from the scope of the study. The reason of data change is discussed, and the variation law of urban texture parameters and roughness is compared and summarized. Finally, the paper reviews the research, points out the deficiency in the research process, and looks forward to the later study.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 丁沃沃;胡友培;窦平平;;城市形态与城市微气候的关联性研究[J];建筑学报;2012年07期
2 曹文俊;粗糙度长度综述[J];气象;1991年04期
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