城市综合体地下车库空间导向性与识别性研究

发布时间：2018-10-14 11:46

【摘要】：随着我国城市化的发展,我国的私家车数量越来越多,车行出入方式成为了人们出行的主要方式之一。同时近年来,我国的城市综合体发展进入了高速时期。大量的城市综合体建筑的出现,并在城市生活中占据了重要地位。在这样的社会背景下,我们却常常发现,很多城市综合体的地下车库犹如一个迷宫,让使用者在其中迷失了方向。这个问题的实质是城市综合体地下车库缺乏空间导向性与识别性。这个看似不起眼的小问题,会在多方面对我们的生活造成不利影响。本文试图通过对城市综合体地下车库空间导向性与识别性问题进行较深入的研究,力图找到其地下车库寻路困难的真正原因,并尝试通过建立完善的导向系统解决该问题。空间导向性问题是一个普遍的建筑设计问题,任何的建筑或者建筑空间都需要存在导向性问题。同时,城市综合体地下车库是一个较复杂的特殊建筑环境。因此,对于城市综合体地下车库的导向性研究,也对其他建筑空间(特别是同类型建筑空间)的导向性问题有着借鉴作用。本文通过对寻路理论,环境心理学,格式塔心理学等多种研究方法入手,从使用者及其行为和城市综合体地下车库环境两个方面进行研究。在对使用者及其行为的研究中,发现了哪些使用者是导向系统的真正需求者,通过对他们寻路过程的分析,发现了他们的一些寻路习惯及导致他们寻路困难的原因。在对城市综合体地下车库环境的分析中,发现了城市综合体地下车库具有的三类特征是造成其缺乏空间导向性的最主要原因。首先城市综合体地下车库具有一定的迷宫特征：多路径,均质的空间形式和多种视线阻碍。其次,地下环境带来导向问题上的负面影响,由于深埋地下,缺乏自然采光和周围环境参考物。最后是城市综合体建筑的特殊性对地下车库导向性的不利影响,巨大的建筑规模让人难以认知,复杂的人流和交通流线,防火分区对视线的阻碍,多个地下交通体的存在,这些都是造成城市综合体地下车库寻路困难的原因。最后,本文试图通过在归纳总结城市综合体地下车库缺乏空间导向性的原因之后,利用大量现实实例中的导向性设计手法,尝试建立一个针对城市综合体地下车库的空间导向性系统来解决该问题。首先需要通过建立区域与区域之间的导向性系统,来控制使用者的停车位置和寻路范围,并让使用者了解自身的大致位置。然后建立区域内部的导向性系统,让使用者在正确的区域内部可以快速的找到自己的寻路目标。最后,还简单介绍了现在较为流行的车位诱导系统,这种系统作为辅助手段可以完善整体导向系统。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization, there are more and more private cars in our country. At the same time, in recent years, China's urban complex development has entered a high-speed period. A large number of urban complex buildings appear and occupy an important position in urban life. In such a social context, we often find that the underground garage of many urban complexes is like a labyrinth in which users lose their way. The essence of this problem is the lack of spatial orientation and recognition of urban complex underground garage. This seemingly trivial problem can adversely affect our lives in many ways. This paper attempts to find out the real reason for the difficulty of finding the way of underground garage through the deep research on the spatial orientation and identification of the underground garage of the urban complex, and try to solve the problem by establishing a perfect guidance system. Spatial orientation problem is a universal architectural design problem, any building or architectural space needs to have a guiding problem. At the same time, the underground garage of urban complex is a complex special building environment. Therefore, the research on the direction of underground garage of urban complex also has reference to other building space (especially the same type of building space). This paper starts with the research methods of road finding theory, environmental psychology, Gestalt psychology and so on, from two aspects: the user and its behavior, and the underground garage environment of urban complex. In the study of the users and their behavior, we find out which users are the real users of the guidance system. Through the analysis of their path finding process, we find some of their seeking habits and the reasons that lead to their difficulties in finding the way. In the analysis of underground garage environment of urban complex, it is found that three kinds of characteristics of underground garage in urban complex are the main reasons for its lack of spatial orientation. First of all, the underground garage of urban complex has certain labyrinth characteristics: multipath, homogeneous space form and a variety of line of sight obstructions. Secondly, the underground environment brings the negative influence on the problem of guidance, because of the deep buried underground, there is a lack of natural lighting and environmental reference material. Finally, the particularity of urban complex buildings has a negative impact on the orientation of underground garages. It is difficult to recognize the huge scale of buildings, the complex flow of people and traffic streamline, the obstruction of fire prevention zones to the sight, the existence of many underground traffic bodies. These are the reasons why the underground garage of urban complex is difficult to find the way. Finally, this paper attempts to use a large number of practical examples of guiding design techniques after summing up the reasons for the lack of spatial orientation in the underground garage of urban complex. This paper attempts to establish a spatial guidance system for urban complex underground garage to solve this problem. First of all, it is necessary to establish a guiding system between regions to control the parking position and the road finding range of the users, and to let the users know their approximate position. Then, the system is set up, which allows users to find their own target quickly in the right area. Finally, this paper briefly introduces the more popular parking space guidance system, which can be used as an auxiliary method to perfect the overall guidance system.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU926

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