东亚国家和地区在宅养老体系下老年集合住宅比较研究

发布时间：2018-10-17 10:11

【摘要】：21世纪是人口老龄化快速发展的时代，严重的人口老龄化所带来的老年人居住问题在一些亚洲国家和地区更加突出。亚洲的日本、新加坡、香港地区和我国都处于儒家文化圈，具有非常相似的价值观念、社会结构、文化传统。这三个国家和地区的“在宅养老”居住空间体系的发展相对成熟完善，因此他们的成功经验对于我国“在宅养老”居住空间体系的建设有着非常重要的借鉴意义。日本老年人居住建筑从模仿西方国家到逐步发展出符合本国传统、种类丰富的老年人居住建筑形式,并且相近的生活习惯对中国有参考意义。新加坡大部分国人居住在新加坡建屋发展局承建的社会住宅里，这种发展模式可以为我国社会住宅体系适老化方面的建设提供参考方向。香港在公屋建设、社区照顾服务等老年人居住环境建设的发展经验对于我国一些大城市颇有启发。本文将通过搜集日本、新加坡及香港地区关于“在宅养老”居住体系的建设现状及其经济文化、政策体系等方面的各种统计文献及网络资源，利用比较、归纳、演绎等分析方法，对有关资料数据进行筛选甑别，并对典型案例进行全面的剖析，进行政策、经济、文化、设计趋势和老年住宅模式等多角度的比较深入研究，以期总结出其中的发展规律及先进经验与教训，从我国的“在宅养老”居住体系建设的角度，探索适当的发展对策。日本、新加坡及香港都经历了前期提倡和建设多代合居的居住模式，而目前老年人独立居住、子女相邻而居的模式则开始成为主流形式。根据我国城市中老年人独立居住的比例逐年上升的趋势，因此笔者认为老年人独立居住、子女相邻而居的老年集合住宅体系可以作为我国“在宅养老”居住体系建设的一个方向。与商品住宅相比，政府主导的社会住宅是以解决社会居住问题为原则，因此笔者认为未来社会住宅体系下的老年集合住宅在“在宅养老”居住体系建设方面可以取得一定突破。本文第一部分为第一章，提出了研究背景、总结了研究现状，明确了研究的对象、目的、意义、内容和框架。第二部分为日本、新加坡及香港“在宅养老”政策和居住空间体系的建设经验比较研究，包括第二章、第三章、第四章和第五章。第三部分为我国“在宅养老”居住空间体系建设的启示，，包括第六章建设对策。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is an era of rapid development of population aging. The problem of living of the elderly brought by the serious aging of the population is more prominent in some Asian countries and regions. Asia's Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong and China are all in Confucian culture, with very similar values, social structure, and cultural traditions. These three countries and regions' living space system is relatively mature and perfect, so their successful experience has a very important significance for the construction of living space system of "home endowment" living space system in our country. From imitating the western countries to gradually developing the residential architecture of the elderly in Japan, which accords with the national tradition and is rich in variety, the similar living habits are of reference significance to China. The majority of Singaporeans live in the social housing built by the Singapore Housing Development Board. This mode of development can provide a reference for the construction of our country's social housing system. Hong Kong's experience in the construction of public housing, community care services and other elderly living environment construction is very enlightening for some big cities in China. This paper will collect all kinds of statistical documents and network resources of Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong on the construction status, economic culture, policy system and so on of the living system of "living for the aged in residence". Deduction and other analytical methods, screening and discriminating the relevant data, and comprehensive analysis of typical cases, carrying on the policy, economy, culture, design trend and the model of the elderly housing and other multi-angle comparative in-depth study, In order to sum up the law of development and the advanced experience and lessons, from the point of view of the construction of the living system of "the aged in residence" in China, the author explores the appropriate development countermeasures. Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong have all experienced the early promotion and construction of multi-generation and co-habitation mode, while the current mode of living independently of the elderly and their children living next to each other has become the mainstream. According to the increasing trend of the proportion of elderly people living independently in cities of our country, the author thinks that the elderly live independently. The residential system of the elderly people living next to each other can be regarded as a direction of the construction of the residential system of providing for the aged in our country. Compared with the commercial housing, the government-led social housing is based on the principle of solving the social housing problem. Therefore, the author thinks that the old-age collective housing under the future social housing system can make a certain breakthrough in the construction of the residential system of "providing for the aged in the house for the aged". The first part of this paper is the first chapter, which puts forward the research background, summarizes the current research situation, and clarifies the object, purpose, significance, content and framework of the research. The second part is a comparative study of Japan, Singapore and Hong Kong's policy of "living for the aged" and the construction of living space system, including chapter two, chapter three, chapter four and chapter five. The third part is the enlightenment of the construction of living space system, including the sixth chapter.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU241.93

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