轻质高强泡沫混凝土的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-20 18:12

【摘要】：泡沫混凝土是众多建筑材料中的一种，保温隔热性能良好，主要用作墙体材料。粉煤灰、矿渣等工业废料可以大量用做泡沫混凝土填充材料，其研发有利于减少环境污染和提高能源利用。因此，泡沫混凝土有着很广的经济价值和应用前景。试验通过选用试验材料、运用试验方法和实行试验设计研制了干密度在800~1100kg/m~3，抗压强度达到10~20MPa的泡沫混凝土，并使用多种材料学检测手段，探讨了其宏观性能和微观结构。研究了铝粉掺量及粒径对泡沫混凝土抗冻性能、导热系数以及孔结构的影响。50次冻融循环作用下，泡沫混凝土强度损失和质量损失在0~0.6g铝粉掺量时渐增，0.6~0.9g铝粉掺量时，强度损失和质量损失几乎不变；铝粉粒度越小，强度损失和质量损失皆相对较大，且部分泡沫混凝土制品已达抗冻混凝土级别。在0~0.6g铝粉掺量时，导热系数随掺量增加而降低，0.6~0.9g铝粉掺量时，，导热系数变化不大；铝粉粒度越小，导热系数相对较小，且泡沫混凝土制品已接近保温材料要求。在0~0.6g铝粉掺量时，随着掺量的增加，泡沫混凝土孔隙率逐渐增大，0.6~0.9g铝粉掺量时，孔隙率几乎不变，且铝粉粒度越小，孔隙率相对较大；在0~0.6g铝粉掺量时，随着掺量逐渐增加，泡沫混凝土孔径逐渐增大，在0.6~0.9g时，孔径变化趋于平缓，且铝粉粒度越小，平均孔径相对较小；200~300μm尺寸范围孔径分布百分比达到60%左右，其他尺寸范围内百分比相差不大，孔径分布总体上向中间值靠拢，掺不同粒径铝粉泡沫混凝土孔径分布百分比相差无几；不同掺量及粒径铝粉泡沫混凝土孔分布情况相似，都较均匀。探讨了泡沫混凝土抗冻性能和导热系数与孔结构的相关性。泡沫混凝土砌块冻融循环强度损失和质量损失皆随着孔隙率和孔径的增大而逐渐增加；其导热系数随着孔隙率和孔径的增大而逐渐降低。
[Abstract]:Foam concrete is one of many building materials, which has good thermal insulation and is mainly used as wall material. Industrial waste, such as fly ash and slag, can be used as foam concrete filling material, and its research and development can reduce environmental pollution and improve energy utilization. Therefore, foam concrete has a wide range of economic value and application prospects. The foam concrete with a dry density of 800 ~ 1100kg / m ~ (-3) and compressive strength up to 10~20MPa was developed by selecting the test materials, using the test method and the experimental design. The macroscopic properties and microstructure of the foam concrete were also discussed by using a variety of material testing methods. The effects of aluminum content and particle size on the frost resistance, thermal conductivity and pore structure of foamed concrete were studied. Under 50 freeze-thaw cycles, the strength loss and mass loss of foamed concrete increased gradually with the addition of 0 0. 6 g aluminum powder and 0. 6% 0. 9 g aluminum powder. The loss of strength and quality is almost unchanged, and the smaller the particle size of aluminum powder is, the larger the loss of strength and quality is, and some of the foam concrete products have reached the grade of antifreeze concrete. When the amount of aluminum powder is 0 ~ 0.6g, the coefficient of thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of the amount of aluminum powder, but the coefficient of thermal conductivity changes little when the content of 0.6g aluminum powder increases, the smaller the particle size of aluminum powder is, the smaller the coefficient of thermal conductivity is, and the foamed concrete products are close to the requirement of thermal insulation material. The porosity of foamed concrete increases gradually with the increase of the content of 0 ~ 0.6g aluminum powder, and the porosity of foamed concrete increases with the increase of the amount of aluminum powder, and the smaller the particle size of aluminum powder is, the larger the porosity is, and when the content of aluminum powder increases, the porosity of foamed concrete increases gradually with the increase of the amount of aluminum powder, and the smaller the particle size of aluminum powder is, the larger the porosity is. The pore size of foamed concrete increases gradually, and when the pore size is 0.6 ~ 0.9g, the pore diameter changes slowly, and the smaller the particle size of aluminum powder, the smaller the average pore diameter is, and the pore size distribution percentage of 200 ~ 300 渭 m is about 60%, but the percentage in other dimensions is not different. As a whole, the pore size distribution of aluminum foam concrete with different particle size is similar, and the pore size distribution of aluminum foam concrete with different particle size is similar, and the pore size distribution of aluminum foam concrete with different particle size is uniform. The relationship between frost-resistance, thermal conductivity and pore structure of foamed concrete is discussed. The loss of freeze-thaw cycle strength and mass of foamed concrete block increases with the increase of porosity and pore size, and the thermal conductivity decreases with the increase of porosity and pore size.
【学位授予单位】：长沙理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU528

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