聚苯颗粒—玻化微珠复合防火保温砂浆的研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 10:55

【摘要】：随着我国建筑节能规模的扩大和要求的提高，作为节能核心的外墙保温材料的发展也日新月异。近几年频发的因为保温材料燃烧引起的建筑火灾，使得保温材料的安全性受到社会各界重视。目前我国主流保温材料都存在各自问题，有机保温材料保温性能良好，施工方便；但为可燃材料，防火性差。有机-无机复合保温材料保温性能好，成本低；但为难燃材料，也有火灾危险性。无机保温材料为不燃材料，安全性高，但保温性能差，且资源紧缺。保温材料的防火安全已经成为建筑节能领域一个亟待解决的问题。将EPS与玻化微珠复合作为保温砂浆轻骨料可显著提高其防火性能，且能实现商品化应用。本文以提高保温砂浆防火性和施工性为研究重点，综合有机、无机保温砂浆各自优点，将保温砂浆的轻骨料采用有机无机复合的方式，配制施工性能良好、导热系数0.065W/m·K，燃烧等级为A2级的聚苯颗粒-玻化微珠复合防火保温砂浆。分别选用四类EPS分别与玻化微珠复合配制保温砂浆，调整其中有机、无机轻骨料的体积比，利用无机胶结料和玻化微珠对EPS的级配调整作用和包裹封闭作用，提高其施工性和防火性能；并通过调整乳胶粉、纤维素醚、纤维等外加剂的掺量，改善保温的砂浆粘接性、保水性以及抗裂性，同时使其满足防火性能；确定有机轻骨料、乳胶粉、纤维素醚、纤维等的最佳掺量，配制出复合防火保温砂浆，为我国目前面临的提高保温材料防火性难题提供借鉴。通过试验研究各组分对保温砂浆性能的影响，确定达到燃烧等级为A2级，且满足其他性能的聚苯颗粒-玻化微珠复合防火保温砂浆的胶结料最佳掺量如下：德国瓦克5044N可分散乳胶粉3.3kg/m~3，山东瑞泰纤维素醚1.5kg/m~3，重庆华骄聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.2kg/m~3。轻骨料最佳掺量如下：普通EPS复合防火保温砂浆：42.5普通硅酸盐水泥184kg/m~3，普通聚苯颗粒660L/m~3，，玻化微珠330L/m~3；自熄型EPS复合防火保温砂浆：42.5普通硅酸盐水泥184kg/m~3，自熄型聚苯颗粒792L/m~3，玻化微珠132L/m~3；再生EPS复合保温砂浆：42.5普通硅酸盐水泥165kg/m~3，再生聚苯颗粒1080L/m~3，玻化微珠144L/m~3。根据目前我国外墙保温的施工方式，结合复合防火保温砂浆产品，确定了涂料饰面和面砖饰面的复合防火保温系统的构造。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of building energy conservation scale and the improvement of requirements, the development of exterior wall insulation material as the core of energy saving is changing with each passing day. In recent years, building fires caused by the burning of thermal insulation materials have made the safety of insulation materials receive attention from all walks of life. At present, the main thermal insulation materials in China have their own problems. Organic insulation materials have good thermal insulation performance and are convenient for construction, but they are combustible materials and have poor fire resistance. Organic-inorganic composite insulation material has good thermal insulation performance and low cost, but it also has fire hazard. Inorganic insulation material is non-combustible material, high safety, but poor insulation performance, and resource shortage. The fire-proof safety of insulation material has become an urgent problem in the field of building energy-saving. The combination of EPS and vitrified microbeads as heat preservation mortar lightweight aggregate can significantly improve its fire resistance and commercial application. This paper focuses on improving the fire resistance and construction property of insulating mortar, synthesizes the respective advantages of organic and inorganic insulating mortar, adopts organic-inorganic compound method for light aggregate of heat preservation mortar, and compiles good construction performance. Thermal conductivity: 0.065W/m K, A _ 2 grade polybenzene-glass microbead composite fire insulation mortar. Four kinds of EPS and vitrified microbeads were used to prepare thermal insulation mortar respectively. The volume ratio of organic and inorganic lightweight aggregate was adjusted, and the gradation adjustment and encapsulation of EPS were made by inorganic binder and vitrified microbeads. To improve its construction and fire resistance; to improve the adhesion, water retention and cracking resistance of insulating mortar by adjusting the amount of additives such as latex powder, cellulose ether, fiber, etc.; and to determine the organic lightweight aggregate, The optimum amount of latex powder, cellulose ether, fiber and so on is used to prepare the compound fire proof and insulation mortar, which provides a reference for improving the fire resistance of the insulating material in our country at present. The effect of each component on the properties of insulating mortar was studied by experiment, and the combustion grade was determined to be A2 grade. And the optimum addition of polystyrene pellet-glass microbeads composite fire insulation mortar is as follows: Germany Wak 5044N can disperse the latex powder 3.3 kg / m ~ (3), Shandong Ruitai cellulose ether 1.5 kg / m ~ (3), Chongqing Huajiao polypropylene fiber 0.2 kg / m ~ (3). The optimum content of lightweight aggregate is as follows: ordinary EPS composite fire proof and heat preservation mortar: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 184kg / m ~ (3), ordinary polystyrene particle 660L / m ~ (3), vitrified microbead 330 L / m ~ (3); Self-extinguishing EPS composite fire insulation mortar: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 1844 kg / m ~ (3), self-extinguishing polystyrene 792 L / m ~ (3), vitrified microbead 132L / m ~ (3); recycled EPS composite thermal insulation mortar: 42.5 ordinary Portland cement 165 kg / m ~ (3), recycled polystyrene 1080 L / m ~ (3), vitrified microbead 144 L / m ~ (3). According to the construction method of exterior wall insulation in our country and combined with the compound fire insulation mortar product, the structure of the composite fire insulation system of the coating finish and the surface brick finish is determined.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU578.1;TU551

【相似文献】