太行山区乡村聚落景观格局演变研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 11:23

【摘要】：我国自改革开放以来,农村社会经济快速发展,人口数量急剧增长、家庭结构分化,农村居民住宅建筑数量不断膨胀,聚落边界不断向外延伸。同时,在城镇化的冲击下,太行山区乡村聚落从乡村社会意识、经济基础、生活与生产方式、村民居住观念和聚落的空间结构形态都进入了一个转型时代,由量变到质变,乡村聚落旧有形态结构开始解体,封闭的乡村聚落格局逐渐被打破。本文以太行山区典型丘陵地带的武乡县为重点研究区域,着重分析了区内乡村聚落土地利用类型、乡村聚落景观内部特点和数量结构为研究对象,通过查阅国内外相关文献、实地调查和收集研究区域的相关原始数据,运用景观指数法、多元统计学法和Arcgic分析法,以定性和定量的方式重点探讨了乡村聚落景观格局演化模式和乡村聚落景观格局演变驱动因子。太行山区乡村聚落景观格局演变有自身的特点：其一是太行山区的乡村聚落有着古老的历史遗迹和厚重的乡土文化,因此在乡村聚落建设时应保护历史传承和地域风土文化；其二是太行山区经济发展较落后,聚落经济以农业为主体,外部资源进入相对困难,聚落演变模式多以单个家庭为载体的演变模式；其三是太行山区的住宅建筑形式的多样性,窑洞、土坯房和新式的砖瓦混凝土住房相间分布,其演变面临着更多的挑战。本文首先对太行山区乡村聚落景观类型进行量化分析,比较各类景观指数,揭示这些指标体系背后的含义,以其为根据对乡村聚落格局演化模式的转变进行剖析,揭示太行山区乡村聚落景观格局演化规律与驱动因子。在此基础上,文章得出以下结论：第一,太行山区乡村聚落的景观功能单一,大部分聚落仍以居住为主,住宅建筑是聚落的主体景观；第二,太行山区乡村聚落景观格局的演变是以家庭和宅院为载体的。即大家庭不断分化成小家庭,以此相对应的是宅院不断扩散,数量增加,冲击原有的聚落形态结构；第三,研究区域乡村聚落景观格局演化动力主要有经济、人口、收入、社会观念、地形和环境变化等因子。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening to the outside world, the social economy in rural areas has developed rapidly, the population has increased rapidly, the family structure has been divided, the number of residential buildings in rural areas has been expanding, and the settlement boundaries have continued to extend outwards. At the same time, under the impact of urbanization, rural settlements in Taihang Mountain area have entered a transitional era from rural social consciousness, economic foundation, life and production mode, villagers' concept of living and the spatial structure of settlements, from quantitative to qualitative change. The old form and structure of rural settlements began to disintegrate, and the closed rural settlement pattern was gradually broken. This paper focuses on Wuxiang County in typical hilly areas of Taihang Mountain area, analyzes the types of rural settlement land use, the internal characteristics and quantitative structure of rural settlement landscape as the research object, and looks up the relevant literature at home and abroad. Field investigation and collection of related raw data of the study area, using landscape index method, multivariate statistical method and Arcgic analysis, The evolution model of rural settlement landscape pattern and the driving factor of rural settlement landscape pattern evolution were discussed qualitatively and quantitatively. The evolution of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area has its own characteristics: first, the rural settlement in Taihang Mountain area has ancient historical relics and thick local culture, so it is necessary to protect historical heritage and local culture in rural settlement construction; Secondly, the Taihang mountain area is backward in economic development, the settlement economy is dominated by agriculture, the external resources are relatively difficult to enter, the evolution mode of settlement is mostly based on a single family, and the third is the diversity of residential building forms in Taihang mountainous area. The evolution of caves, adobe houses and new brick-concrete houses faces more challenges. In this paper, the types of rural settlement landscape in Taihang Mountain area are analyzed quantitatively, and various landscape indices are compared to reveal the meaning behind these index systems. Based on the analysis of the evolution model of rural settlement pattern, this paper analyzes the change of rural settlement pattern. This paper reveals the evolution law and driving factors of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area. On this basis, the paper draws the following conclusions: first, the rural settlements in Taihang Mountain area have a single landscape function, most of the settlements are still residential, residential buildings are the main landscape of settlement; second, The evolution of rural settlement landscape pattern in Taihang Mountain area is based on family and house. That is, the extended family is constantly divided into a small family, which corresponds to the constant diffusion of the homestead, the increase in the number, and the impact on the original settlement structure. Thirdly, the research on the evolution of the regional rural settlement landscape pattern is mainly driven by economic, population, and income. Factors such as social concepts, terrain and environmental changes.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：P901;TU982.29

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