应对热岛效应的深圳低碳城绿色基础设施规划策略研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 13:58

【摘要】：绿色基础设施是一个集生态、景观、游憩、文化等多种功能的空间网络。它将城市中的生态和景观要素作为一种基础设施来发挥其多样的效益和职能，从而对城市环境产生有利的影响。深圳国际低碳城是以低碳产业为核心，以降低人均和能源碳排放为目标，倡导低碳生产、低碳研发和低碳生活的城市新区。随着国际低碳城开发建设的不断推进，城市中吸热下垫面的增多和工业生产的热能排放将加剧城市的热岛效应。室外温度上升势必带来制冷设施能源的消耗和更多的碳排放，这都有碍于低碳城节能减排目标的实现。针对低碳城目前和未来面临的热岛效应问题，绿色基础设施可以利用其自然下垫面的天然属性，发挥降温增湿的功能以缓解城市的热岛效应，改善城市热环境，从而降低低碳城的能源消耗和碳排放。将城市下垫面作为研究的切入点，在空间的层面上建立起热岛效应与绿色基础设施之间的联系，主要包括绿化覆盖率、空间布局、个体面积与形态四个方面。在明确了分析对象的基础上，对低碳城现有绿色基础设施资源的组成、分布和规模进行整理，并运用实地测量、数据统计、分类比较等方法对其绿色基础设施的绿化覆盖率、布局、面积、形状指数进行现状分析，总结现存问题，并利用Phoenics软件对初步方案进行模拟，并比较模拟结果。综合现状和模拟结果，以及绿色基础设施在生态、景观和娱乐休闲等多方面的功能，，提出国际低碳城的绿色基础设施规划策略：增加建成区内绿化面积，采用楔形—环状的复合式布局，控制社区公园面积在3公顷以上，提高要素的形状指数，构建绿色基础设施生态网络等。并以研究得出的规划策略作为标准，对现有的国际低碳城规划方案提出引导和修改意见。
[Abstract]:Green infrastructure is a space network with ecological, landscape, recreational, cultural and other functions. It takes the ecological and landscape elements of the city as a kind of infrastructure to play its various benefits and functions, thus has a beneficial impact on the urban environment. Shenzhen International low carbon City is a new urban area with low carbon industry as its core, low per capita and energy carbon emissions as its goal, low carbon production, low carbon R & D and low carbon living. With the development and construction of the international low-carbon city, the heat island effect will be aggravated by the increase of the heat absorption underlay in the city and the heat emission from the industrial production. The rise in outdoor temperature will inevitably lead to energy consumption and more carbon emissions in refrigeration facilities, which will hinder the realization of the low-carbon city's energy saving and emission reduction targets. In view of the current and future heat island effects faced by low-carbon cities, green infrastructure can take advantage of the natural properties of its natural underlying surface to play the role of cooling and humidifying in order to alleviate the heat island effect of cities and improve the urban thermal environment. Thus reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions in low-carbon cities. Taking the urban underlying surface as the starting point of the research, the relationship between the heat island effect and the green infrastructure is established on the spatial level, which mainly includes four aspects: the green coverage rate, the spatial layout, the individual area and the form. On the basis of clear analysis object, the composition, distribution and scale of existing green infrastructure resources in low-carbon city are sorted out, and the greening coverage of green infrastructure in low-carbon city is obtained by using field measurement, data statistics, classification and comparison, etc. The present situation of layout, area and shape index is analyzed, and the existing problems are summarized. The preliminary scheme is simulated by Phoenics software, and the simulation results are compared. Synthesizing the present situation and simulation results, as well as the functions of green infrastructure in ecology, landscape, recreation and other aspects, the green infrastructure planning strategy of international low-carbon city is put forward: to increase the green area of the built area, By using wedge-ring compound layout, the area of community park is controlled to be more than 3 hectares, the shape index of elements is improved, and the ecological network of green infrastructure is constructed. Based on the study of the planning strategy as a standard, the existing international low-carbon city planning plan guidance and modification.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU984.115;X16

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