空间界面视角下的可变剧场建筑设计研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 10:10

【摘要】：作为人类文化发展的重要象征，剧场建筑的发展受到表演艺术、剧场技术、社会环境等多个方面的影响。新的时代背景下，各种表演形式的界限变得相对模糊，表演艺术之间相互学习、借鉴，朝着多元化的方向发展。很多表演形式在当前社会条件下进一步消费化，观众重“体验”、“视觉”而轻“文本”、“情节”，使得一些演出并不是必须要在视觉和听觉等多个方面都达到完美的情况下才能运作，中国的老百姓也不是每个人都有专业的剧场需求。剧院文化原本来自西方，我们需要了解和参与这种演出活动和生活方式，但是并不需要大量建设标准配置的西方“大剧院”，而应该更多地考虑中国实情，提高剧场的演出效率，增加平民的参与度。我国90年代以后建成的剧场大多数都是采用单一经营方式的专业剧场，这些剧场商业演出场次严重不足，往往通过政府和企业赠票的方式维持经营。专业剧场在一定程度上无法满足不同表演艺术形式对空间的不同需求，市场经营的迫切形势又导致剧场改革势在必行。本文以笔者在清华大学建筑设计研究院参与实际项目为切入点，从空间界面的视角对可变剧场的空间设计进行了重点探讨，提出了动态观演空间的概念。并通过较为详尽的基础研究和案例分析论证了可变界面对于演出活动的重要改变，展望了垂直舞台剧场、可分式剧场、透明剧场等多种观演空间的发展。论文首先分析了不同观演活动对于剧场空间的不同需求，通过对比分析相关剧场案例，总结出不同类型剧场的空间特点和观演关系，指出其相互转化的可能性。随后提出可变剧场实现的必要条件和带来的相关问题，明确设计需要解决的核心问题。在此基础上，重点研究了剧场内界面、中间界面和外界面的变化带来的观演模式的转变，通过对机械设备、活动座席、活动隔断等核心技术问题的研究，探讨了剧场核心空间的适应性。总结提出可变剧场的设计规律，并运用于怀柔影视基地新媒体剧场实际项目。本文采用自下而上的研究方法，，以案例为基础、剧场技术为支撑，逐步得出一般性的结论，具有一定的创新意义。
[Abstract]:As an important symbol of the development of human culture, the development of theatre architecture is influenced by performing arts, theater technology, social environment and so on. Under the background of the new era, the boundaries of various forms of performance become relatively blurred, the performing arts learn from each other, and develop towards the direction of diversification. Many forms of performance are further consummated under the current social conditions, with viewers emphasizing "experience", "vision" rather than "text", "plot", Some performances do not have to be perfect in many ways, such as vision and hearing, and not everyone in China has professional theater needs. Theater culture originally came from the West, and we need to understand and participate in this kind of performance activities and lifestyle, but we do not need to build a large number of standard allocation of Western "Grand Theater", but should take more account of the reality of China. Improve the performance efficiency of the theater, increase the participation of civilians. Most of the theatres built in our country after the 1990s are professional theatres with a single management mode. These theatres are badly short of business performances and are often maintained by the way of government and enterprises giving tickets. To a certain extent, professional theatres can not meet the different demands for space of different performing art forms, and the urgent situation of market management leads to the imperative of theater reform. Based on the author's participation in the actual project at the Institute of Architectural Design of Tsinghua University, this paper focuses on the space design of the variable theatre from the perspective of spatial interface, and puts forward the concept of dynamic viewing space. Through detailed basic research and case study, this paper demonstrates the important changes of the variable interface to the performance activities, and looks forward to the development of the perpendicular stage theater, the divisible theatre, the transparent theater and so on. Firstly, the paper analyzes the different demands of different theatrical activities for the theater space, through comparative analysis of the relevant theater cases, summarizes the space characteristics and performance relations of different types of theatres, and points out the possibility of their mutual transformation. Then, the necessary conditions and related problems of variable theater realization are put forward, and the core problems that need to be solved in design are defined. On this basis, the paper focuses on the changes in the performance mode caused by the changes in the internal interface, the intermediate interface and the outside surface of the theater, and through the study of the core technical issues, such as mechanical equipment, active seats, active partitions, and so on. The adaptability of the core space of the theater is discussed. The design rule of variable theater is summarized and applied to the actual project of new media theater in Huairou film and television base. This article adopts the bottom-up research method, based on the case, the theater technology as the support, draws the general conclusion step by step, has the certain innovation significance.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU242.2

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