湘西传统村落民居冬季防风策略的探寻与研究

发布时间：2018-11-06 20:06

【摘要】：湘西属于我国夏热冬冷气候区，自然气候条件比较特殊，冬夏长春秋短，夏季闷热潮湿、冬季寒冷，因此在湘西传统民居的生态适应性方面必然会同时考虑冬、夏两个极端的气候条件。但从现在对湘西传统民居生态适应性的研究中可知，很少有人从冬季作为切入点来对湘西的传统民居进行研究。本文选择湘西传统村落民居冬季的防风策略作为研究对象，通过文献阅读、田野调研、实地数据测量、后期CFD软件模拟等方法对传统村落民居中冬季防风策略进行了深入的探寻与研究。研究的过程主要包括五个阶段：（1）通过文献阅读了解国内外学者对传统民居以及湘西传统民居生态适应性研究的现状、着重点、方法等，并从中寻找出本文的研究方向和合适的研究方法；（2）通过对湘西的自然地理环境、土家族苗族的传统村落民居进行详细分析，总结出了湘西自然地理环境的特征以及土家族苗族传统村落民居中存在的特点，并证明了在湘西独特的地理环境下冬季防风保暖的必要性；（3）从湘西传统土家族、苗族村落中分别选择一个具代表意义的村落作为典型研究案例，通过观察、绘制简图、口述访谈等方法对村落的选址、布局、单体建筑、细部构件、宅前绿化五个方面进行了详细的记录；（4）在调研的基础上，通过实测数据的方法对两村落中的布局、单体建筑、宅前绿化进行了数据测量，并证明了它们的防风能力；（5）通过计算机模拟的方法对实测数据没有进行分析的方面和实测数据证明了的方面进行深入的模拟研究，，并得出最后的防风策略。论文最后以总结的防风策略为依据提出：湘西的民居建筑在考虑夏季通风的同时也需要考虑冬季的防风保暖，并为今后参与湘西新农村建设的设计者或建设者们提供一些当地传统村落民居中存在的比较好的冬季防风保暖经验。
[Abstract]:Xiangxi belongs to the hot summer and cold winter climate area of our country, the natural climate condition is quite special, the winter and summer Changchun autumn is short, the summer is sultry and humid, the winter is cold, therefore, the ecological adaptability of the traditional residential houses in the west of Hunan must be considered at the same time. Two extreme weather conditions in summer. However, from the study of ecological adaptability of traditional houses in western Hunan, few people study the traditional houses in western Hunan from winter. This paper chooses the wind-proof strategy of traditional villages in western Hunan as the research object, through literature reading, field investigation, field data measurement, In the later stage, CFD software simulation and other methods were used to explore and study the wind-proof strategy in winter in traditional village houses. The research process mainly includes five stages: (1) through literature reading to understand the domestic and foreign scholars of traditional residential houses and the ecological adaptability of Western Hunan traditional residential research status, focus, methods, etc. And find out the research direction of this paper and appropriate research methods; (2) through the detailed analysis of the natural geographical environment of western Hunan and the traditional village houses of Tujia and Miao nationality, this paper summarizes the characteristics of the natural geographical environment of Xiangxi and the characteristics of the traditional village houses of Tu-Miao nationality. It also proves the necessity of keeping winter wind warm in the unique geographical environment of Xiangxi. (3) from the traditional Tujia and Miao villages in western Hunan, select a representative village as a typical case study, through observation, drawing schematic diagram, oral interview and other methods to the village location, layout, single building, detailed components, The five aspects of afforesting in front of the house were recorded in detail; (4) on the basis of investigation and investigation, the layout, single building and afforesting in front of the two villages were measured by the method of measured data, and their wind-proof ability was proved. (5) the method of computer simulation is used to simulate and study the aspects of the measured data which are not analyzed and proved by the measured data, and the final wind-proof strategy is obtained. Finally, based on the wind-proof strategy summarized, the paper puts forward that the residential buildings in western Hunan should take into account the ventilation in summer as well as the wind-proof and warm-keeping in winter. It also provides some good winter wind-proof and warm experience for the designers or builders who participate in the construction of the new countryside in the west of Hunan in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华中科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU253

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