基于广东公共建筑的分布式能源系统的优化设计及经济性分析

发布时间：2018-11-06 20:02

【摘要】：分布式能源系统是一种临近用户设置的,建立在能量梯级利用基础上,将制冷、供热及发电过程一体化的多联产供能系统,具有能源综合利用率高、环保性能好、能源供应安全可靠等优点。以天然气为一次能源的冷热电三联供更是目前实现建筑节能减排和天然气高效利用的最佳途径。而分布式能源系统中的热电动力装置初投资很高,要发挥其优势就必须对系统内各设备进行合理的配置,让系统能量输出与用户需求相匹配。本文对广东地区的一些大型公共建筑的建筑能耗进行了调研,对办公、商场和酒店类建筑的用能特征进行了研究,并现场测量与数据调研获得了这三类典型建筑物各季节典型日的逐时负荷曲线,并对其负荷的大小、变化范围、变化规律以及变化同步性进行了分析。对大型公共建筑采用分布式能源系统的构成及其关键部件进行了介绍,重点分析了小型燃气轮机和内燃机的特点。根据建筑负荷特点,分别对以燃气轮机和燃气内燃机为主机的分布式能源系统进行方案配置,建立了在动态负荷下以年总费用最少为目标的分布式能源系统配置及运行方式优化的数学模型。运用上述模型,对办公、商场和酒店的分布式能源系统配置方案进行优化,得到适用于各典型建筑的最优配置方案和最佳运行策略。对比分析了分布式能源系统优化配置方案与相应的常规分供系统的经济性。以酒店分布式能源系统为例子探讨了能源价格变化时对分布式能源系统应用产生的影响。计算结果表明：与常规分供系统相比,分布式能源系统更具有经济效益,节能效果和环保效果更加明显。而能源价格对分布式能源系统最优配置和运行效益的影响较大,因此合理的制定天然气价格和购电价格能有效地促进分布式能源系统的快速发展。
[Abstract]:The distributed energy system is a kind of energy supply system which is set up by the neighboring users. It is based on the energy cascade utilization and integrates the refrigeration, heating and power generation processes. It has high comprehensive utilization of energy and good environmental protection performance. The advantages of safe and reliable energy supply. Using natural gas as primary energy is the best way to realize energy saving and emission reduction of building and efficient utilization of natural gas. However, the initial investment of thermoelectric power equipment in distributed energy system is very high. In order to play its advantages, it is necessary to reasonably configure the equipment in the system so that the energy output of the system can match the needs of the users. In this paper, the energy consumption of some large public buildings in Guangdong is investigated, and the energy use characteristics of office buildings, shopping malls and hotels are studied. The hourly load curves of each season and typical day of these three kinds of typical buildings are obtained by field measurement and data investigation. The magnitude, variation range, variation law and variation synchronicity of the load are analyzed. The structure and key components of distributed energy system used in large public buildings are introduced, and the characteristics of small gas turbines and internal combustion engines are emphatically analyzed. According to the characteristics of building load, the distributed energy system with gas turbine and gas internal combustion engine as main engine is configured separately. A mathematical model of configuration and operation optimization of distributed energy system with minimum annual total cost under dynamic load is established. Using the above model, the distributed energy system configuration scheme of office, shopping mall and hotel is optimized, and the optimal configuration scheme and optimal operation strategy are obtained for each typical building. The economy of the optimal allocation scheme of distributed energy system and the corresponding conventional distribution system are analyzed. The effect of energy price change on the application of distributed energy system is discussed with the example of hotel distributed energy system. The results show that the distributed energy system has more economic benefit, more energy saving effect and more obvious environmental protection effect compared with the conventional distribution system. The energy price has a great influence on the optimal allocation and operation benefit of the distributed energy system, so the reasonable price of natural gas and the price of electricity purchase can effectively promote the rapid development of the distributed energy system.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU83

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