砖混结构加层抗震加固设计研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 11:28

【摘要】：砖混结构是指建筑物中竖向承重结构的墙、柱等采用砖或者砌块砌筑，横向承重的梁、楼板、屋面板等采用钢筋混凝土结构。砖混结构在我国的五、六十年代可谓是风靡一时，很多住宅、办公楼都设计成了砖混结构。砖混结构的加层设计多种多样，轻钢加层结构由于质量轻、强度高、对原结构的地基影响小等诸多优点而成为到加层结构的首选。加层结构下的砖混结构加固设计,是近年来国内外学者共同关注的问题,它为结构设计朝着更安全、更合理方向的发展提供了一种新的方法。本文提出了房屋的加层设计应与房屋的抗震加固相结合，结合工程实例分析了原结构为砖混结构，上部采用轻钢结构加层时，对原有下部结构的加固处理方法和连接点构造做法，主要研究工作包括以下几个部分：（1）钢结构加层与原结构的设计方法与连接的构造措施：本文结合工程实例，针对当下部为砖混结构，采用钢结构加层合理的结构方案。同时，为了增加加层后结构的整体性，需要对钢结构加层与原结构的连接节点进行设计，本文采用了在原结构顶部增加反梁作为钢结构加层柱脚的基础的方法，使加层结构与原结构可靠连接。（2）结合具体的工程实例，对砖混结构加层前，首先根据对原房屋鉴定报告的分析，以及现有砖混结构房屋抗震加固方法的特点分析，然后再根据对原结构加固的原则和要求，，开展对结构进行抗震加固方面的研究，比如采用双面钢筋网面层加固墙体、增设外加构造柱、圈梁、对内墙上部采用刚拉杆、顶层添加反梁的整体加固进行设计，在连接面上采用植筋技术及相关节点构造措施，针对工程实例，建议对砖混结构房屋抗震加固时，外加构造柱截面采用370mm×240mm，圈梁的高度为240mm，新增构造柱及圈梁与原砌体采用Φ14以上的植筋钢筋连接。得到对加层部分的可靠连接、增加构造柱和圈梁、增设钢拉杆可提高结构的整体性及抗震能力。（3）砖混结构顶部钢结构加层的抗震性能分析：结合某砖混教学楼加层的工程实例，采用PKPM计算软件对加固前后的砖混结构房屋进行验算并对比，通过对结构加固前，加固后的计算对比得到预期的加固设计效果。
[Abstract]:Brick-concrete structure refers to the wall and column of vertical load-bearing structure in buildings, such as brick or block masonry, transverse load-bearing beam, floor slab, roof slab and so on, which adopt reinforced concrete structure. Brick-concrete structure is very popular in our country in 1950s and 1960s. Many residential and office buildings have been designed as brick-concrete structure. Because of the advantages of light weight, high strength and little influence on the foundation of the original structure, light steel layer structure is the first choice for the adding layer structure of brick-concrete structure, because of its many advantages, such as light weight, high strength, little influence on the foundation of original structure, and so on. The reinforcement design of brick-concrete structure under storied structure is a common concern of scholars at home and abroad in recent years. It provides a new method for the development of structural design towards a safer and more reasonable direction. In this paper, it is put forward that the design of adding storeys of buildings should be combined with the seismic strengthening of buildings. Combining with an engineering example, the author analyzes that the original structure is a brick-concrete structure and the upper part is a light steel structure. The main research work includes the following parts: (1) the design method of adding layer and original structure of steel structure and the construction measures of connection. When the lower part of the structure is brick-concrete structure, the reasonable structure scheme of adding layer to steel structure is adopted. At the same time, in order to increase the integrity of the structure after adding layers, it is necessary to design the connection joint between the steel structure and the original structure. In this paper, the method of adding inverse beam to the top of the original structure as the foundation of the steel structure with the column foot is adopted. Make the layer structure and the original structure reliable connection. (2) according to the analysis of the appraisal report of the original building and the characteristics of the existing seismic strengthening method of the brick and concrete structure, the concrete engineering example is used to analyze the masonry structure before adding the floor. Then, according to the principles and requirements of strengthening the original structure, the aseismic reinforcement of the structure is carried out, such as strengthening the wall with double-face reinforced steel mesh layer, adding additional structural columns, ring beams, and using rigid tension rods for the upper part of the inner wall. The whole reinforcement of the top floor with inverse beam is designed. The reinforcement technique and the related joint construction measures are adopted on the connection surface. In view of the engineering example, it is suggested that the 370mm 脳 240mm section of the additional structural column should be used in the seismic reinforcement of the brick and concrete structure building. The height of the ring beam is 240 mm, and the new structural column and ring beam are connected with the original masonry with steel bars above 桅 14. The structural integrity and seismic resistance of the structure can be improved by increasing the structural column and ring beam and adding the steel pull rod. (3) Seismic performance analysis of the top steel structure of brick and concrete structure: combined with the example of adding story in a brick and concrete teaching building, the PKPM calculation software is used to check and compare the masonry structure before and after strengthening. The design effect of reinforcement is expected by comparison of calculation results after reinforcement.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU398.5;TU352.11

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