镁锌基水滑石在耐紫外老化沥青中的应用及其清洁工艺制备研究
发布时间：2018-11-25 12:13
【摘要】：沥青作为一种重要的工程材料在道路铺设、屋面防水等方面应用广泛，，但在紫外线照射下易发生老化而影响使用寿命。水滑石具有优异的紫外线屏蔽与吸收性能，可用于沥青中改善沥青的耐紫外老化性能。 本文将Mg_2Al-CO_3-LDHs、Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs和Zn_2Al-CO_3 LDHs等三种不同组成的镁锌基水滑石加入沥青中制备了水滑石改性沥青，并对其进行了紫外加速老化试验，研究了水滑石改性沥青的基本性能及其耐紫外老化性能。结果显示，沥青的粘度和软化点随水滑石添加量的增大而提高，使沥青的高温性能得到了显著改善，提高了抗车辙性能，其中Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs对沥青的高温性能提升效果最为显著。紫外老化实验后，三种改性沥青的软化点增量均较基质沥青明显下降，且随着添加量的增加降幅增大，表明水滑石显著提高了沥青的耐紫外老化性能，其中Zn_2Al-CO_3-LDHs的提高效果更为明显。将水滑石进行表面有机化改性后，沥青的软化点和粘度等基本性能得到进一步提升，但其对沥青耐紫外老化性能的提高低于未改性水滑石。 目前工业制备水滑石的工艺一般均为共沉淀工艺，其生产成本高且副产大量低价值的无机盐，洗涤过程对水的消耗极大。本论文以我国富产的水镁石矿以及Al(OH)_3、ZnO和CO_2为原料，采用清洁工艺制备了不同层板组成的镁锌基水滑石，考察了反应温度、反应时间和研磨方式等因素对镁锌基水滑石制备的影响，优化了制备路线。研究发现，提高反应温度、延长反应时间以及采用球磨方式对原料进行预处理等，有利于得到晶体结构完整的水滑石；制备镁铝水滑石时，当原料的镁铝比由2提高到3时，产物中出现了碱式碳酸镁杂质；制备镁锌铝水滑石时，当镁锌比高于1:1时，可制备出晶相单一的水滑石，当达到1:1时，产物中出现Zn(OH)_2杂质。 在实验室小试基础上，本论文采用清洁工艺在昌平科技园中试基地1000t/a中试装置上开展了镁基水滑石的中试制备实验，研究了反应釜体积放大带来的放大效应，并对中试工艺条件进行了优化。结果表明，提高反应温度、增加原料的比表面有利于制备晶体结构完整的水滑石产品。
[Abstract]:Asphalt, as an important engineering material, is widely used in road laying, roof waterproofing and so on. However, it is easy to aging under ultraviolet radiation, which affects service life. Hydrotalcite has excellent UV shielding and absorption properties and can be used to improve the UV aging resistance of asphalt. In this paper, hydrotalcite modified asphalt was prepared by adding three kinds of magnesium zinc based hydrotalcite, Mg_2Al-CO_3-LDHs,Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs and Zn_2Al-CO_3 LDHs, into asphalt. The basic properties and UV aging resistance of hydrotalcite modified asphalt were studied. The results show that the viscosity and softening point of asphalt increase with the increase of the content of hydrotalcite, and the high temperature performance of asphalt is improved significantly, and the rutting resistance is improved. Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs is the most effective method to improve the high temperature performance of asphalt. After ultraviolet aging, the increment of softening point of the three kinds of modified asphalt was obviously lower than that of the base asphalt, and the decrease increased with the increase of the content of the modified asphalt, which indicated that hydrotalcite had significantly improved the UV aging resistance of the asphalt. The improvement effect of Zn_2Al-CO_3-LDHs is more obvious. The basic properties of asphalt such as softening point and viscosity were further improved after surface modification of hydrotalcite, but the improvement of UV aging resistance of asphalt was lower than that of unmodified hydrotalcite. At present, the industrial preparation of hydrotalcite is a coprecipitation process, which has a high production cost and a large amount of low value inorganic salt. The washing process consumes a great deal of water. In this paper, magnesium zinc based hydrotalcite with different laminates was prepared from brucite rich in China and Al (OH) _ 3O and CO_2 as raw materials. The reaction temperature was investigated. The influence of reaction time and grinding method on the preparation of magnesium-zinc based hydrotalcite was studied and the preparation route was optimized. It was found that increasing reaction temperature, prolonging reaction time and pretreatment of raw materials by ball milling were beneficial to the preparation of hydrotalcite with intact crystal structure. When the ratio of magnesium to aluminum is increased from 2 to 3, the basic magnesium carbonate impurity appears in the preparation of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite. When the mg Zn Al hydrotalcite is prepared, when the mg / Zn ratio is higher than 1:1, the single crystalline hydrotalcite can be prepared. When 1:1, the impurity of Zn (OH) _ 2 appears in the product. On the basis of laboratory experiment, the pilot-scale preparation experiment of magnesium-based hydrotalcite was carried out in the pilot-scale 1000t/a plant of Changping Science and Technology Park by cleaning process, and the amplification effect of reactor volume amplification was studied. The process conditions were optimized. The results show that increasing the reaction temperature and increasing the specific surface of the raw material is beneficial to the preparation of hydrotalcite with complete crystal structure.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU535
本文编号：2356065
[Abstract]:Asphalt, as an important engineering material, is widely used in road laying, roof waterproofing and so on. However, it is easy to aging under ultraviolet radiation, which affects service life. Hydrotalcite has excellent UV shielding and absorption properties and can be used to improve the UV aging resistance of asphalt. In this paper, hydrotalcite modified asphalt was prepared by adding three kinds of magnesium zinc based hydrotalcite, Mg_2Al-CO_3-LDHs,Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs and Zn_2Al-CO_3 LDHs, into asphalt. The basic properties and UV aging resistance of hydrotalcite modified asphalt were studied. The results show that the viscosity and softening point of asphalt increase with the increase of the content of hydrotalcite, and the high temperature performance of asphalt is improved significantly, and the rutting resistance is improved. Mg_3ZnAl_2-CO_3-LDHs is the most effective method to improve the high temperature performance of asphalt. After ultraviolet aging, the increment of softening point of the three kinds of modified asphalt was obviously lower than that of the base asphalt, and the decrease increased with the increase of the content of the modified asphalt, which indicated that hydrotalcite had significantly improved the UV aging resistance of the asphalt. The improvement effect of Zn_2Al-CO_3-LDHs is more obvious. The basic properties of asphalt such as softening point and viscosity were further improved after surface modification of hydrotalcite, but the improvement of UV aging resistance of asphalt was lower than that of unmodified hydrotalcite. At present, the industrial preparation of hydrotalcite is a coprecipitation process, which has a high production cost and a large amount of low value inorganic salt. The washing process consumes a great deal of water. In this paper, magnesium zinc based hydrotalcite with different laminates was prepared from brucite rich in China and Al (OH) _ 3O and CO_2 as raw materials. The reaction temperature was investigated. The influence of reaction time and grinding method on the preparation of magnesium-zinc based hydrotalcite was studied and the preparation route was optimized. It was found that increasing reaction temperature, prolonging reaction time and pretreatment of raw materials by ball milling were beneficial to the preparation of hydrotalcite with intact crystal structure. When the ratio of magnesium to aluminum is increased from 2 to 3, the basic magnesium carbonate impurity appears in the preparation of magnesium aluminum hydrotalcite. When the mg Zn Al hydrotalcite is prepared, when the mg / Zn ratio is higher than 1:1, the single crystalline hydrotalcite can be prepared. When 1:1, the impurity of Zn (OH) _ 2 appears in the product. On the basis of laboratory experiment, the pilot-scale preparation experiment of magnesium-based hydrotalcite was carried out in the pilot-scale 1000t/a plant of Changping Science and Technology Park by cleaning process, and the amplification effect of reactor volume amplification was studied. The process conditions were optimized. The results show that increasing the reaction temperature and increasing the specific surface of the raw material is beneficial to the preparation of hydrotalcite with complete crystal structure.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU535
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