关于日本养老设施建设与发展的研究

发布时间：2018-12-15 10:10

【摘要】：1998年底,我国的总人口已经达到12.48亿,60岁及以上的老年人口已经占总人口的9.7%左右,自此我国进入老龄化社会,老年人口逐年迅速增长。由于我国老年人口规模巨大、“四二一”家庭结构带来迅速增加的“空巢”老人、“未富先老”等原因,发展和完善我国的养老设施的建设将是一个必然的趋势。但是,我国现阶段养老设施建设存在诸多问题,例如体系不完善,大多养老设施只停留在硬环境的设计和改造上,缺乏对老人养老需求的研究和探索等。如何能在短时间内把握好养老设施的高质量建设,学习和借鉴他国成功案例至关重要。本文首先采取资料收集的方式,建立了现代老人的居住环境、身体模型尺寸、心理状态、生理特征等理论支持。同时,对日本养老设施的发展现状和趋势做了系统的归纳和优秀案例分析研究。然后,通过对日本新型养老设施进行实地调研,总结出日本养老设施硬环境的优秀设计手法。最后,根据对成都地区某社区老人的养老需求进行抽样调查,归纳出老人对养老设施软件服务的需求,给出了适合我国国情的养老设施设计的建议和意见,并根据所得结论,进行了设计初探,对中国未来的养老设施发展动向提出思考。
[Abstract]:At the end of 1998, the total population of our country has reached 1.248 billion, the aged population over 60 years old has accounted for about 9.7% of the total population. Since then, our country has entered the aging society, and the elderly population has been increasing rapidly year by year. Because of the large scale of the elderly population in our country, the family structure of "4 / 21" has brought about a rapid increase in the number of "empty nest" old people and "getting old before getting rich", so it will be an inevitable trend to develop and perfect the construction of pension facilities in our country. However, there are many problems in the construction of old-age facilities in China, such as the imperfect system, the majority of pension facilities only stay in the design and transformation of the hard environment, and lack of research and exploration of the old-age needs of the elderly and so on. It is very important to learn and learn from the successful cases of other countries how to grasp the high quality construction of pension facilities in a short time. In this paper, the data collection method is used to establish the modern old people's living environment, body model size, psychological state, physiological characteristics and so on. At the same time, the development status and trend of pension facilities in Japan are systematically summarized and excellent case studies are made. Then, through the field investigation of the new pension facilities in Japan, the paper summarizes the excellent design methods of the hard environment of the Japanese pension facilities. Finally, according to the sampling investigation of the elderly's old-age demand in a community in Chengdu, the paper summarizes the elderly's demand for the software service of the old-age facilities, and puts forward some suggestions and opinions on the design of the old-age facilities suitable for the national conditions of our country, and according to the conclusions, In this paper, the author puts forward some thoughts on the future development of pension facilities in China.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU246.2

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