南京市景观格局演变与廊道网络构建研究

发布时间：2019-04-03 17:36

【摘要】：以南京市1990、2000和2010年TM遥感影像为数据源,选取合适的景观格局指数,运用景观生态学原理和RS、GIS技术,揭示南京市20年的景观格局演变特征。通过生态源点信息提取、最小累计距离耗费模型,构建南京市廊道生态网络。结果表明:①1990—2010年,南京市景观格局变化显著,在斑块类型尺度水平上表现为农田面积大量减少、破碎程度增加,建设用地面积增加、趋向集聚化发展,林地面积增加、斑块形状复杂化,水体景观比例先减后增、形状趋于规则化。在景观尺度水平上表现为景观整体多样性、破碎程度增加,自然景观空间异质性增强,各景观类型斑块形状相似化发展;②在累计耗费距离大的源地间构建垫脚石,可以有效增强景观的连通性、优化生态网络结构、发挥其生态服务功能。
[Abstract]:Taking the TM remote sensing images of Nanjing in 1990, 2000 and 2010 as the data source, the landscape pattern evolution characteristics of Nanjing in the past 20 years were revealed by using the principle of landscape ecology and RS,GIS technology, and selecting the appropriate landscape pattern index. The ecological network of Nanjing corridor is constructed by extracting the information of ecological source point and the model of minimum cumulative distance consumption. The results showed that: 1from 1990 to 2010, the landscape pattern of Nanjing City changed significantly. At the scale level of patch type, the farmland area decreased greatly, the degree of fragmentation increased, the area of construction land increased, tended to cluster development, and the area of woodland increased. The shape of patch is complicated, the proportion of water landscape decreases first and then increases, and the shape tends to be regularized. On the level of landscape scale, the landscape diversity is the whole, the degree of fragmentation is increased, the spatial heterogeneity of natural landscape is enhanced, and the patch shape of each landscape type is similar. (2) the construction of stepping stone among the places where the accumulated cost is large can effectively enhance the connectivity of the landscape, optimize the structure of the ecological network, and give play to its ecological service function.
【作者单位】：中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51374208) 江苏高校优势学科建设工程(SZBF20116-B53)
【分类号】：TU986

【参考文献】