土材肌理与乡土文化意境营造研究

发布时间：2019-04-24 01:37

【摘要】：改革开放以来，，中国城市化进程明显加快，现已进入到高速城市化的阶段，如何依据可持续发展理论，积极稳妥地推进城市化进程，是21世纪中国必须面对的一个重大课题。当代城市化的快速推进为经济发展提供了一个宽广的平台，但是，在城市化进程中也突显出传统文化的缺失、城市环境单一化以及环境污染加剧等诸多问题。乡土文化意境的营造是保护和传承传统文化、解决城市人文环境单一化以及可持续发展的重要途径。乡土文化意境的营造是通过保护、再现、隐喻、模糊、对比和反复等手法来体现的。诗意美是乡土文化意境营造的核心命题。土材肌理作为体现乡土文化意境诗意美的表征，具有历史性、地域性、自然性和多样性等特点。我国曾拥有辉煌的生土建筑历史，无论是在技术还是艺术领域都达到了很高的成就。然而，今天我们仅仅只能去追忆历史的辉煌，却没有充分发挥其使用价值和艺术价值。怎样在当代建筑语境中重现土材肌理的价值是本文论述的重点。笔者在研究中发现：土材肌理是一种适用范围广并集多种优势于一体的建筑材料，开发价值潜力巨大。虽然土材肌理在国内逐渐没落，但是，在国外却出现了众多新型施工工艺，例如生土改性、绝缘夯土墙、生土袋等施工技术。综合这些土材肌理设计方法可以将其分类为：材料混合、材质搭配、夯土、压缩土块、抹灰和种植界面等设计手法。本文分析了中国梅山文化园、五散房之茶室和“毒菊”（美国景观建筑项目）三个典型案例说明土材肌理和乡土文化意境营造的实践表达，并应证乡土文化意境营造中的诗意美可以借助现代建筑和景观设计方式来实现。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening-up, the process of urbanization in China has accelerated obviously, and now it has entered the stage of high-speed urbanization. How to promote the urbanization process actively and steadily in accordance with the theory of sustainable development is a major issue that China must face in the 21st century. The rapid development of contemporary urbanization provides a broad platform for economic development. However, in the course of urbanization, many problems such as the lack of traditional culture, the singleness of urban environment and the aggravation of environmental pollution have also been highlighted. The construction of the artistic conception of the local culture is an important way to protect and inherit the traditional culture, to solve the singleness of the urban humanistic environment and the sustainable development. The artistic conception of local culture is embodied by means of protection, reproduction, metaphor, vagueness, contrast and repetition. Poetic beauty is the core proposition of the artistic conception of local culture. Soil texture, as a symbol of poetic beauty of native culture, has the characteristics of historical, regional, natural and diverse. China has a brilliant history of native architecture, both in the field of technology and art has achieved very high achievements. Today, however, we can only recall the resplendence of history, but not give full play to its use value and artistic value. How to reproduce the value of earth texture in contemporary architectural context is the focus of this paper. The author found that clay texture is a kind of building material which has a wide range of application and a variety of advantages, and has great potential for development. Although the texture of soil is gradually declining in China, there are many new construction techniques in foreign countries, such as modification of raw soil, insulating rammed soil wall, raw soil bag and so on. According to these soil texture design methods, it can be classified as material mixing, material collocation, rammed soil, compressed soil block, plastering and planting interface. This paper analyzes three typical cases of Chinese Meishan Culture Park, Tea Room of five scattered rooms and "poisonous Chrysanthemum" (American Landscape Architecture Project) to illustrate the practical expression of soil texture and artistic conception of local culture. It should be proved that the poetic beauty in the creation of the artistic conception of local culture can be realized by means of modern architecture and landscape design.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU201.5;TU521.3

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