准噶尔盆地远源岩性油气藏成藏机制与模式

发布时间：2018-03-26 04:48

本文选题：成藏机制与模式　切入点：远源岩性油气藏　出处：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：远源岩性油气藏为油气生成环境与成藏环境的温压等条件差异明显的岩性油气藏。准噶尔盆地沉积地层具有多温压系统的特点,为远源岩性油气藏的形成提供了基础条件。本论文从成藏静态要素分析入手,以输导体系为主线,成藏机理和动力学过程为核心,采用盆地模拟方法,恢复成藏期温压场特征、油气输导格架及流体驱动机制,揭示盆地远源岩性油气藏形成的油气运聚过程,阐明其成藏机制与成藏模式。准噶尔盆地油气主要来源于二叠系和侏罗系烃源岩,盆地内发育C-T2储层与T3区域盖层、Jib储层与J1s盖层、J2-J3储层与K1区域盖层、K2-E2储层与E3盖层、N1储层与N2盖层等5套储盖组合。岩性圈闭的形成受古地貌、物源及沉积体系空间匹配关系的控制,多分布于盆地东、西隆起区向中央坳陷过渡的陡坡区以及盆地内部凸起向凹陷过渡的缓坡区,与烃源岩相隔较远,且垂向上由多套区域盖层相隔,成藏条件复杂。远源岩性油气藏形成的输导体系主要由多旋回构造运动形成的不整合与垂向断裂及多期叠置发育的大型三角洲砂体组成。盆地内各构造单元油气远源运聚的输导格架多发育于晚海西期构造运动,定型于燕山期构造运动;除西部隆起、莫北-莫索湾地区输导体系受车-莫古隆起的发育与演化改造外,其他构造单元输导体系形态自形成后基本保持不变。输导体系有效性及输导机制研究表明准噶尔盆地燕山期与喜马拉雅期构造运动及古构造形态对油气远源聚集具有明显的控制作用。准噶尔盆地在垂向上发育P-T3、J1-J1s和K1tg-E2-3a三套相对封闭的地层温压系统,分别形成于晚三叠世、中侏罗世和始新世,垂向上将盆地分为C-T3、J1-J1s、J2-K1、K2-E3及E3-N等5个成藏系统。燕山期断裂活动强烈、地层温压能量调整、超压流体释放,一方面为远源岩性油气藏的形成提供物质基础,另一方面则对油气运聚提供输导动力。喜山期,盆地主要为南降北升的掀斜运动,断裂活动微弱,油气保存条件良好。准噶尔盆地远源岩性油气藏多形成于燕山构造运动时期,其形成与分布受控于古构造形态、盆地温压场的形成与演化及断裂垂向输导空间的有效性。依据油气远源聚集的动力学过程,认为断压控制油气越层运移充注是该区远源岩性油气藏的主要成藏机制。根据油气成藏输导动力及输导体系的组合类型与作用特点,提出高能驱动-油气越层多阶式成藏、低能驱动-油气越层多阶式成藏、低能驱动-油气越层单阶式成藏及高能驱动-油气越层单阶式成藏等4种远源岩性圈闭成藏模式。
[Abstract]:The remote lithologic reservoirs are lithologic reservoirs with obvious differences in temperature and pressure between hydrocarbon generation environment and reservoir forming environment. The sedimentary strata in Junggar Basin are characterized by multi-temperature pressure system. This paper begins with the analysis of the static elements of the reservoir formation, taking the transportation system as the main line, the reservoir forming mechanism and the dynamic process as the core, and adopts the basin simulation method to restore the characteristics of the temperature and pressure field during the reservoir forming period. Oil and gas transport framework and fluid driving mechanism reveal the process of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation of remote source lithologic reservoirs in the basin, and illustrate the mechanism and model of hydrocarbon accumulation. The oil and gas of Junggar Basin are mainly derived from Permian and Jurassic source rocks, and the oil and gas of Junggar Basin are mainly derived from Permian and Jurassic source rocks. There are five sets of reservoir and cap assemblage developed in the basin, such as C-T2 reservoir and T _ 3 area caprock reservoir, J1s caprock reservoir, J _ 2-J _ 3 reservoir and K _ 1-E _ 2 reservoir and E _ 3 caprock reservoir and N _ 2 caprock. The formation of lithologic traps is caused by paleogeomorphology. The spatial matching relationship between provenance and sedimentary system is controlled by the steep slope from the east and west uplift of the basin to the central depression and the gentle slope from the protruding to the sag in the basin, which is far away from the source rock. And vertically separated by multiple sets of regional caprocks, The reservoir forming conditions are complex. The transport system formed by the remote lithologic reservoirs is mainly composed of the unconformity and vertical faults formed by the polycyclic tectonic movement and the large delta sand bodies developed in multiple periods. The oil and gas of each structural unit in the basin is composed of oil and gas. The transport framework of distant migration and accumulation mostly developed in late Hercynian tectonic movement. Shaped in Yanshanian tectonic movement, except for the western uplift, the transport system in Mobei-Moso Bay area was transformed by the development and evolution of Che-Mogu uplift, The study on the validity and mechanism of the transport system indicates that the Yanshanian and Himalayan tectonic movements and paleotectonics in Junggar Basin have great influence on the accumulation of oil and gas. In Junggar basin, three sets of relatively closed formation temperature and pressure systems, P-T _ 3N _ J _ 1-J _ 1s and K1tg-E2-3a, have been developed in the vertical direction. Formed in the late Triassic, Middle Jurassic and Eocene, the basin was vertically divided into five pool-forming systems, C-T _ 3N J _ 1-J _ 1s _ (1) J _ 2-K _ (1) K _ (2-E _ 3) and E _ 3-N. The Yanshanian fault was strongly active, the formation temperature and pressure energy was adjusted, and the overpressure fluid was released. On the one hand, it provides material basis for the formation of remote lithologic reservoirs, on the other hand, it provides transportation power for oil and gas migration and accumulation. In the Himalayan period, the basin was mainly a tilting movement from the south to the north, and the fault activity was weak. The formation and distribution of oil and gas reservoirs in Junggar Basin were controlled by paleotectonics, and most of them were formed during the Yanshanian tectonic movement. The formation and evolution of the temperature and pressure field in the basin and the validity of the vertical fault transport space. It is considered that fault-pressure control is the main reservoir forming mechanism of remote lithologic reservoirs in this area. According to the combination types and characteristics of hydrocarbon reservoir formation and transportation power and transportation system, the high-energy driving-oil-gas overpass multi-stage reservoir formation is proposed. There are four kinds of remote lithologic trap formation models, such as low energy drive, low energy drive, single stage oil and gas migration and high energy drive.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P618.13

【参考文献】