低渗透油藏注气开发研究与实例

发布时间：2019-03-10 19:17

【摘要】：低渗透油藏占我国未动用非稠油储量总数的40%以上。目前各大油田主要用采取注水和衰竭式开发,有些油田由于注水困难造成无法投入正常开发或无法动用,这样的油田只能采取采用衰竭式开发,对于这些区块来说,如果不能及时补充地下能量,不但采收率很低,对油田资源也会造成极大浪费。所以说经济、高效开发低渗透油藏是当前油田提高油气采收率的重中之重。目前国内一些油田包括辽河油田已经开始大量使用注气驱油,如注氮气、注蒸汽、注二氧化碳气、注空气,收到了较好的采收效果。本文从国内外注气开发现状出发,结合低渗透油藏储层物性差、边底水能量微弱等地质特征以及存在启动压力梯度、注水见效缓慢等开发特点,分析了低渗透油藏注气开发所必须的注气开发条件、注气开发油藏筛选标准的适应性以及低渗透油藏注气的地质特征、开发特征、注气方式和开采机理。从注气井网开发方式、井网布局方式、井网密度、渗透率、原油饱和度,原油粘度、各种气体进入原油时原油粘度的改变,油层张力、油藏压力、混相驱动、油藏深度、孔隙度、油藏温度、湿润性、流体的分散混合等方面进行了详细说明和实例筛选应用。从混相气驱、水气交替注入、注气吞吐、注气重力排驱、非混相驱等开发方式,如注入烃类气体、二氧化碳气、氮气、空气等注气开发方式及开采机理方面着重说明混相、非混相驱替技术在低渗透油藏开发中产生的实际效果。
[Abstract]:Low permeability reservoirs account for more than 40% of the total unproduced non-heavy oil reserves in China. At present, the major oilfields are mainly developed by water injection and exhaustion, and some oilfields cannot be put into normal development or can not be produced because of the difficulty of water injection, so such oilfields can only adopt exhausted development, for these blocks, If the underground energy can not be replenished in time, not only the recovery rate is very low, but also the oilfield resource will be wasted greatly. Therefore, economic, efficient development of low permeability reservoirs is the most important to improve oil and gas recovery. At present, some domestic oilfields, including Liaohe oilfield, have begun to use a large number of gas injection flooding, such as nitrogen injection, steam injection, carbon dioxide injection, air injection, has received a good recovery effect. Based on the present situation of gas injection development at home and abroad, this paper combines the geological characteristics such as poor physical properties of low permeability reservoirs, weak energy of edge and bottom water, existence of start-up pressure gradient and slow effect of water injection, etc. The gas injection conditions necessary for gas injection development in low permeability reservoirs, the adaptability of screening criteria for gas injection development, the geological characteristics, development characteristics, gas injection modes and production mechanism of low permeability reservoirs are analyzed. From the development mode of gas injection well pattern, well pattern layout mode, well pattern density, permeability, crude oil saturation, crude oil viscosity, the change of crude oil viscosity when various gases enter crude oil, reservoir tension, reservoir pressure, miscibility drive, reservoir depth, Porosity, reservoir temperature, wettability, fluid dispersion and mixing are described in detail and applied in case screening. The development methods of miscible gas drive, water gas alternate injection, gas injection huff and puff, gas injection gravity displacement and non miscible gas flooding, such as hydrocarbon gas injection, carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, air and other gas injection development modes and exploitation mechanism, are emphasized in this paper. The practical effect of non-miscible displacement technology in low permeability reservoir development.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE357.7

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