水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能及流场特性研究

发布时间：2017-12-26 19:16

本文关键词：水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能及流场特性研究　出处：《中国海洋大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：潮流能是一种比较充足的海洋资源,它具有较好预测性、输出平稳等特点。水平轴潮流能水轮机由于效率比较高、运转平稳等原因在潮流能的开发过程中被广泛使用,大量研究机构对水平轴水轮机展开了研究和实验。因为对潮流能的开发利用处在初级阶段,还没有对潮流能水轮机进行深入研究。论文从水平轴潮流能水轮机自身及周围流场的角度,通过计算流体动力学方法、叶素动量理论和实验的方法,研究水轮机在潮流中的水动力性能及流场特性。论文首先介绍了潮流能水轮机的分类,分析水平轴潮流能水轮机的工作原理,提出研究内容和研究思路；介绍潮流能水轮机动力性能分析的基本理论,利用基本理论组合进行水轮机水动力性能理论分析；通过理论计算可知：桨距角一定的情况下,流速越大,叶片对轴的转矩越大；来流速度一定的情况下,叶片对轴的转矩随着桨距角的增大呈现出先增大后减小的变化。采用计算流体力学方法,创建水平轴潮流能水轮机的分析模型,对不同形式的水平轴潮流能水轮机在不同工作情况下进行水动力性能及流场特性的仿真分析,初步总结水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能和周围流场的特性；通过数值模拟可知：(1)桨距角一定的情况下,流速越大,叶片对轴的转矩越大；(2)来流速度一定情况下,叶片对轴的转矩随着桨距角的增大呈现出先增大后减小的变化；(3)桨距角一定的情况下,流速越大,水轮机速度分布云图颜色越深,水轮机转速越大；(4)来流速度一定的情况下,水轮机的速度分布云图颜色随着桨距角的增大由浅变深,然后由深变浅,水轮机的转速随着桨距角的增大呈现出先增大后减小的变化；(5)桨距角一定的情况下,流速越大,水轮机周围流场的速度分布云图颜色越深,水轮机转速越大;(6)来流速度一定的情况下,水轮机周围流场的速度分布云图颜色随着桨距角的增大由浅变深,然后由深变浅,水轮机的转速随着桨距角的增大呈现出先增大后减小的变化。设计实验方案进行模型实验,充分验证计算流体力学方法及叶素动量理论方法的准确性。本文通过对水平轴潮流能水轮机水动力性能和流场特性的分析,揭示水平轴潮流能水轮机在各种工作情况下的动力性能及周围流场的特性,对水平轴潮流能水轮机的下一步研究提供了借鉴和指导,对水平轴潮流能水轮机在工程中的使用提供了理论基础。
[Abstract]:The power flow energy is a kind of abundant marine resources, which has the characteristics of better predictability and smooth output. Horizontal axis tidal current turbine is widely used in the development of tidal current energy due to its high efficiency and smooth operation. A large number of research institutions have carried out research and experiment on horizontal axis turbine. Because the development and utilization of the power flow is in the primary stage, there is no further research on the power flow turbine. From the angle of the horizontal axis tidal current turbine and the flow field around it, the hydrodynamic performance and flow field characteristics of the turbine in tidal current are studied by computational fluid dynamics, Ye Su momentum theory and experimental method. This paper first introduces the current energy turbine classification, analysis of the working principle of horizontal Tidal Turbine, puts forward the research content and research ideas; the basic theory analysis of tidal current energy turbine performance of turbine, the hydrodynamic performance of the theoretical analysis by using the basic theory of combination; theoretical calculation shows that: the pitch angle under the condition, the higher the velocity, blade torque on the shaft is larger; flow velocity under the torque on the shaft with the change of blade pitch angle increased showing increased and then decreased. By using the method of computational fluid dynamics to create a horizontal axis tidal current energy analysis model of the turbine, simulation analysis of different forms of horizontal axis tidal current turbine hydrodynamic performance and flow field characteristics under different working conditions, a preliminary summary of horizontal axis tidal current turbine hydrodynamic performance and the flow field around the characteristics; the numerical simulation shows that the pitch: (1) under certain circumstances, the higher the velocity, the bigger shaft torque on the blade; (2) to flow under a certain speed, blade on axial torque change with the increase of the pitch angle increases at first and then decreased; (3) the pitch angle under the condition of a certain velocity large turbine speed distribution becomes darker, the turbine speed is larger; (4) the flow velocity of the turbine, the velocity distribution of the color with increasing pitch from shallow to deep and from deep to shallow, turbine rotor With the change of speed increase the pitch increases at first and then decreased; (5) the pitch angle under certain circumstances, the higher the velocity, the turbine flow field around the velocity distribution of the deeper the color, the turbine speed is larger; (6) the flow velocity of the turbine, the flow field around the speed with the increase of the pitch angle distribution of color from shallow to deep and from deep to shallow, the turbine speed changes with the increase of the pitch angle showing increased and then decreased. The experimental scheme is designed to verify the accuracy of the computational fluid mechanics method and the leaf prime momentum theory. In this paper, through the analysis of turbine hydrodynamic performance and flow characteristics of the tidal current, reveal the characteristics of horizontal axis tidal current turbine in various working conditions and dynamic performance of the flow field around the horizontal axis tidal current can provide reference and guidance for the next step of the research of the turbine, the horizontal axis tidal current can provide the theoretical basis for use of hydraulic turbine in engineering.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TK730

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