峡山水库抬高兴利水位供水效益分析

发布时间：2018-01-01 14:21

本文关键词：峡山水库抬高兴利水位供水效益分析　出处：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国的水资源总量丰富,人均短缺,是世界上“水资源紧缺”国家之一,人均占有量仅相当于世界上人均占有量的25%,位列世界第122位。在全国的众多城市中,有60%的城市存在严重供水不足的问题,其中缺水特别严重的城市有110个,全国城市缺水年总量多达60亿立方米,缺口极大。潍坊市水资源比较匮乏,水资源供需矛盾比较突出,市域水资源量年际年内分布较不均,汛期降水量占到全年3/4左右,天然径流量占到全年的4/5。2013年秋季以来,潍坊市发生了建国以来罕见的连续干旱,全市降水量为539.9毫米,为1952年有水文资料记载以来同期最低值,水库蓄水不足,城市供水水源短缺。峡山水库、白浪河水库是潍坊市最大的供水水源地,除去死库容,至2014年8月两水库可供水量为1.26亿立方米,不能满足工业、农业及城区用水需求。峡山水库作为山东省最大的水库工程,1960～2013年多年平均弃水量2.02亿立方米,2003～2013年多年平均弃水量3.69亿立方米,2008年达11.18亿立方米,可见大量汛期洪水还未得到充分利用。因此,采取水库提高兴利水位措施,将部分雨洪资源转化为可利用的水资源,适时适地提供维持城市经济社会发展及生态环境良性循环所需的水量,是破解潍坊市缺水之困的重要途径和现实选择。本文将以峡山水库为例,分别对现状水库和增容后水库进行兴利调节计算,对抬高水库兴利水位0.6米后产生的供水效益进行分析,根据分析的峡山水库1951～2011年(水文年)现状来水系列、供用水情况,采用长系列变动用水时历法进行调节计算。通过计算调算,峡山水库兴利水位由37.4米提高到38米,新增多年平均供水量3891万立方米,丰水年新增最大供水能力6649万立方米,年可为峡山水库带来较高的供水效益。
[Abstract]:China is one of the "water shortage" countries in the world because of its abundant water resources and per capita shortage. The per capita water resources per capita is only equal to 25% of the world's per capita water resources. It ranks 122nd in the world. Of the many cities in the country, 60% have serious water shortage problems, of which 110 are especially short of water. As many as 6 billion cubic meters of water shortage per year, the gap is enormous. Weifang is short of water resources, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is more prominent, and the distribution of water resources in urban areas is uneven in different years. The precipitation in flood season accounts for about 3/4 of the whole year and the natural runoff accounts for 4 / 5. 5. Since the autumn of 2013 Weifang City has experienced a continuous drought which is rare since the founding of the people's Republic of China. The precipitation of the whole city is 539.9 mm, which is the lowest value in the same period since the hydrological data recorded in 1952, the reservoir water storage is insufficient, the city water supply water source is short. Bailanghe Reservoir is the largest water supply source in Weifang. Except for dead storage capacity, by August 2014, the two reservoirs can supply 126 million cubic meters of water, which can not meet the needs of industry. The water demand of agriculture and urban area. As the largest reservoir project in Shandong Province, the water quantity of Xiashan Reservoir is 202 million cubic meters per year from 1960 to 2013. From 2003 to 2013, the average discarded water volume was 369 million cubic meters, and reached one billion one hundred and eighteen million cubic meters on 2008. It can be seen that a great deal of flood in flood season has not been fully utilized. Measures should be taken to increase the water level of the reservoir, and some rain and flood resources should be converted into usable water resources, and the water quantity needed to maintain the economic and social development of the city and the benign cycle of the ecological environment could be provided at the right time. It is an important way and realistic choice to solve the problem of water shortage in Weifang City. This paper will take the Xiashan Reservoir as an example to calculate the current situation reservoir and the reservoir after increasing capacity respectively. Based on the analysis of the benefit of water supply after raising the water level of the reservoir by 0.6 meters, according to the present situation of the Xiashan reservoir from 1951 to 2011 (hydrological year), the situation of water supply and use is analyzed. Through calculation and calculation, the rising water level of Xiashan reservoir has been raised from 37.4 meters to 38 meters, and the annual average water supply has increased by 38.91 million cubic meters. The maximum water supply capacity increased by 66.49 million cubic meters in high water supply year, which can bring higher water supply benefit to Xiashan reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV697.41

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