某大型水电站泄洪兼导流隧洞体型及消能问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 08:18

本文关键词：某大型水电站泄洪兼导流隧洞体型及消能问题研究　出处：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：泄洪消能是我国高坝建设中非常突出的关键性技术问题之一。泄洪兼导流洞是水利水电工程中常用的泄水建筑物,由导流洞改造成泄洪兼导流洞是实际工程中一种常见形式。隧洞泄洪中常遇到的问题主要有空化空蚀和下游冲刷。目前对泄洪兼导流洞洞身研究的重点主要集中在反弧段、龙抬头以及龙落尾连接段的空化及空蚀特性等方面。对泄洪兼导流洞而言,出口挑坎消能由于消能效果、施工方便、投资低等优势被经常采用。本文研究的泄洪兼导流洞为单洞单进口结构深孔有压洞,在工程的施工建设期和之后的运行期均起到至关重要的作用,该隧洞由于施工期进口水头较小、运行期泄洪流量较大等工程特性的要求,并且受进、出地形因素的制约,隧洞进、出口落差较大,导致施工导流时洞内出现负压的几率较大,以及运行期对下游的河床、岸边公路的冲刷较严重。该隧洞的泄量、隧洞体型及出口的消能问题将直接影响水电站工程的施工期安全、运行期可靠、对下游河床及三期厂房的稳定等。同时,本工程属于高坝、高流速水工隧洞,进、出口落差较大,洞内流态、出口消能等方面的问题更加突出。本文研究以水工模型试验为主要手段,以实际工程为背景,研究了大型水电站工程的泄洪兼导流洞的体型及出口消能问题。经过多种方案的试验比较研究,最终提出采用“龙抬头”式的隧洞布置方案。通过调整隧洞进口和挑坎形状达到了洞内流态好、均正压的最优体型以及消能率高、冲刷小的消能效果,较好地解决了泄洪兼导流隧洞洞内负压问题以及消能问题,满足设计要求,达到了预期的目标,并且降低了施工难度,在优化消能效果的同时减少了对交通桥的溅水影响。本文圆满地解决了导、泄“二合一”的泄洪兼导流隧洞的体型及消能问题,对类似工程设计有借鉴作用,也具有一定的学术参考和工程实用价值。
[Abstract]:Energy dissipation is one of the key technical problem is very prominent in the construction of high dam in China. Flood diversion tunnel and spillway is commonly used in water conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, the diversion tunnel and spillway diversion tunnel is transformed into a common form in the actual project. Often encounter problems in the flood discharge tunnel are mainly cavitation and the current focus on flood discharge. The scour and diversion tunnel study mainly focused on the anti arc, the rise of the dragon and the Dragon falls cavitation and cavitation characteristics of tail connecting section and so on. The flood and diversion tunnel, jet bucket energy dissipation due to the effect of energy dissipation, easy construction, low investment advantage is often used flood discharge and diversion tunnel. This paper studies the single hole single inlet structure of deep hole hole, the operation period in the construction phase of the project and after all play a crucial role in the tunnel construction period because the inlet head is small, the operation period Characteristics of flood discharge large engineering requirements, and is affected by, restrict, the terrain factors of tunnel inlet, outlet gap larger, leading to the construction of the diversion when larger probability of negative pressure, and the operation period of the river downstream, the shore road erosion is serious. The flood discharge tunnel, tunnel fire type and export the problems will directly affect the safety of hydropower project construction period and operation period is reliable, on the downstream river bed and three plant stability. At the same time, this project belongs to high dam, high flow hydraulic tunnel, into the outlet gap larger, the flow state, the outlet energy dissipation and other issues become more prominent. In this paper hydraulic model test is the main method to the actual project as the background, studies the size and export of large hydropower station engineering flood diversion tunnel and energy dissipation problem. Through the test of various plans comparison, finally proposed the "dragon rise "The tunnel layout type. By adjusting the tunnel inlet and the bucket shape to the flow pattern, the optimal shape of both positive pressure and energy dissipation rate is high, the scour energy dissipation effect, solve the flood diversion tunnel and the negative pressure and energy dissipation problems, to meet design requirements, achieve the expected the target, and reduce the difficulty of construction, at the same time the effect of energy dissipation in the optimization to reduce the splash effect on traffic bridge. This paper solved successfully by releasing" combo "and flood diversion tunnel body and the energy dissipation problem of similar engineering design reference, but also has a certain academic reference and project practical value.

【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV65

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