流域二层次水权分配及交易理论研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 01:00

本文关键词：流域二层次水权分配及交易理论研究　出处：《郑州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：日益凸显的水资源供需矛盾严重地制约了社会经济的发展,由此引发的不同地区之间及不同用水户之间的争水事端日益频繁。单一的水资源配置方式愈发不能适应我国社会主义建设、生态文明和节水型社会建设的步伐,亟需寻求适应新形势下的资源配置方式、方法、理论、制度等对水资源配置进行优化。市场在资源配置中的高效性、自发性、全面性等优点决定了其在我国当前深化水资源制度改革中必将占有重要的地位。然而在构建和完善我国水权制度、水权交易机制和水市场中,由于缺乏与生产管理实践相契合的水权理论、相对完备的交易规则、科学合理的交易计量方法、层次分明的交易模型、交易影响的定量分析模型等,一定程度上阻碍了市场配置水资源的进程,亟需建立一套系统科学的理论、方法、模型等对水权交易机制构建及完善提供必要的指导和支撑。(1)结合水资源管理最新需求提出了流域二层次水权概念,将水资源使用权分成取水权和用水权,称为二层次水权。分别界定了“取-用”水权的概念,分析梳理了流域二层次水权的内涵、区别和联系等,构建了流域二层次水权同最严格水资源管理制度与水权交易的驱动关系。(2)流域二层次水权初始分配由两部分组成。其中取水权初始分配以响应原则下的目标函数为子目标,以多目标规划为方法构建模型,并利用多目标规划寻优求解取水权初始分配方案。用水权初始分配是以子目标偏差总体最小为目标构建用水权初始分配模型,利用模糊数学求解寻求用水权初始分配方案。将所构建的模型应用到沙颍河流域,检验流域二层次水权初始分配模型的合理性。(3)流域二层次水权交易在统筹考虑我国水市场建设现状的基础上,分别以经济效益和社会福利为目标构建了用水权交易模型和取水权交易模型,利用Matlab中的Fminimax模块Fgoalattain模块分别对用水权和取水权模型的交易方案进行寻优,并通过设置不同的交易水价,分析了价格对流域二层次水权交易方案的影响。将模型应用到沙颍河流域,分析了市场配置下沙颍河流域水资源的收益和福利变化。(4)在分析水权交易外部性的形成原因、研究目的的基础上,指出了流域二层次水权外部性分析应以负外部性为重点,结合取用水权交易的特点,分别构建取水权和用水权的负外部性量化分析模型。结合实例,分析流域二层水权交易负外部性产生的主导因素,为实践活动中减少负外部性的产生、设置相应的规范、构建交易补偿机制等提供支撑。
[Abstract]:The increasingly prominent contradiction between supply and demand of water resources seriously restricts the development of social economy. As a result, water disputes between different regions and different water users become more and more frequent. A single allocation of water resources is more and more unable to adapt to the pace of socialist construction, ecological civilization and water-saving society construction in China. It is urgent to find ways, methods, theories and systems to optimize the allocation of water resources in the new situation. The efficiency of the market in the allocation of resources, spontaneity. It will play an important role in deepening the reform of water resources system in our country. However, it will play an important role in the construction and improvement of water right system, water right trading mechanism and water market. Due to the lack of water rights theory in line with production management practice, relatively complete trading rules, scientific and reasonable trade measurement methods, hierarchical transaction model, quantitative analysis model of transaction impact, etc. To some extent, it hinders the process of market allocation of water resources, so it is urgent to establish a set of systematic science theory and method. The model provides necessary guidance and support for the construction and improvement of water rights trading mechanism. (1) combined with the latest demand of water resources management, the paper puts forward the concept of water rights of two levels in the basin, and divides the right to use water resources into water rights and water rights. This paper defines the concept of "take-use" water right, and analyzes the connotation, distinction and relation of the water right of two layers of river basin. The driving relationship between water rights of two layers and the strictest water resources management system and water right transaction is constructed. The initial allocation of water rights at two levels of the basin consists of two parts, in which the initial allocation of water intake rights is based on the objective function under the principle of response. The model is constructed by multi-objective programming, and the initial allocation of water rights is solved by multi-objective programming. The initial allocation of water rights is based on the objective of minimum subobjective deviation. The initial allocation scheme of water rights is solved by fuzzy mathematics, and the model is applied to Shaying river basin. To test the rationality of the initial allocation model of water rights in two levels of river basin.) on the basis of considering the present situation of water market construction in our country as a whole, the transaction of water rights in two layers of river basin is carried out. The trade model of water right and the trade model of water right are constructed with economic benefit and social welfare as the target respectively. The Fminimax module Fgoalattain module in Matlab is used to optimize the trading scheme of water right model and water right model, and by setting different transaction water price. This paper analyzes the effect of price on the two-level water right trading scheme and applies the model to Shaying River basin. This paper analyzes the changes of water resources income and welfare in Shaying River Basin under market allocation. On the basis of analyzing the reasons for the externality of water right trading and the purpose of the research. It is pointed out that the negative externality analysis of water rights in two levels of river basin should be focused on negative externalities and combined with the characteristics of access to water rights, the negative externality analysis models of water rights and water rights should be constructed respectively. This paper analyzes the main factors of the negative externality of the water right trading in the second layer of the basin, and provides the support for reducing the negative externality in the practical activities, setting up the corresponding norms, and constructing the compensation mechanism of the trade.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV213.4

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