小流域设计洪水经验公式研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 15:14

本文关键词：小流域设计洪水经验公式研究　出处：《合肥工业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在水利工程设计、防洪影响评价及中小河流治理规划中,通常需要推求设计洪水。但大多数的小流域缺乏实测流量系列或系列较短,无法采用频率法直接计算设计洪峰流量,只能通过间接法来推求。在设计时,通常采用简单方便的地区经验公式来计算。为解决黄山市境内无资料小流域的设计洪峰流量的推求问题,本文依托“安徽省暴雨参数研究”项目,对黄山市的洪水成因与洪水特性进行分析,以流域面积10-100km2的小流域设计洪峰流量经验公式为研究对象,选取黄山市范围内的几个典型水文站,以年最大值法对流量资料进行选样,并进行频率分析,采用皮尔逊Ⅲ型频率曲线进行拟合,求出频率为1%、2%、5%、10%的设计洪峰流量。以影响洪峰流量的主要因素为出发点,采用区域综合与相关分析法,建立具有地区特性的不同频率的设计洪峰流量与流域面积、流域形状系数、河道坡度、河流长度、设计降雨量等因子的经验公式,并采用SPSS软件推求经验公式中的各个参数。将经验公式求得的洪峰流量与频率法求得的洪峰流量进行对比,求出相对误差,结果表明本文推出的经验公式相对误差较小,并与《黄山水文手册》中的经验公式进行对比分析,表明本文推出的经验公式相对误差总体上小于《黄山水文手册》中的经验公式的相对误差,计算成果较可靠。将推出的经验公式应用于实际,并与《黄山水文手册》中的经验公式、“84”办法进行对比,表明本论文推出的经验公式时效性更强,资料系列更长,更贴合实际情况,计算方便快捷,可供黄山市无资料小流域设计洪水参考选用。
[Abstract]:In the design of water conservancy project, flood impact assessment and planning of small and medium-sized rivers, usually need to design flood. But most of the small watershed of lack of actual flow series or series of short, to directly calculate the design flood discharge by frequency method, only through the indirect method to push for. In the design, usually by the empirical formula is simple and convenient area the calculation for estimating the design flood discharge problem. To solve the Huangshan City territory without small watershed data, based on the "Anhui province" Research on the rainstorm parameter, analysis of causes of flood and flood characteristics of Huangshan City in the small watershed area of 10-100km2, the design peak flow formula as the research object, selects several typical hydrology in Huangshan City within the scope of the station, based on traffic data in the annual maximum value method, and frequency analysis, using the Pearson type III frequency curve fit, Calculate the frequency of 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%. The design peak flow of main factors affecting the peak flow as the starting point, the regional comprehensive and correlation analysis method, establish the design flood discharge and watershed area with different frequency and area characteristics, shape coefficient of river basin, river length, slope degree, empirical formula design rainfall and other factors, and the parameters of SPSS software for empirical formula. By comparing the peak flow and peak flow frequency method obtained empirical formula obtained. The calculated results show that the relative error of the empirical formula with small relative error is derived in this paper, and compared with the empirical formula of < Mount Huangshan hydrological Handbook > the empirical formulas in this paper introduced the relative error is less than the general empirical formula < > in the Mount Huangshan hydrological manual, the calculation results are more reliable. Will launch the empirical formula in practical application Compared with the empirical formula of "Mount Huangshan hydrology manual", "84" method, it is shown that the empirical formula introduced in this paper is more timeliness, and the data series is longer and more practical. The calculation is convenient and fast, and it can be used for reference in Huangshan City design flood without information small watershed.

【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV122.3

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