高拱坝坝身泄洪消能研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 22:01

本文关键词：高拱坝坝身泄洪消能研究　出处：《长江科学院》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西南地区水资源丰富,其典型的地理地质条件一般都是高水头、大流量、大落差。世界级的高拱坝在此大规模的修建,带来的高拱坝的泄洪消能问题日益突出。相比于泄洪洞、岸边溢洪道泄洪消能,坝身孔口泄洪是一种比较经济合理的泄洪消能方式。论文在总结国内外高拱坝泄洪消能相关研究的基础上,金沙江旭龙水电站1:100水工整体模型为背景,采用物理模型试验的方法,对孔口泄流能力,水垫塘流态以及底板压力和河床局部冲刷进行了研究。主要成果如下:(1).本文分析总结了国内外高拱坝的建设发展概况,详细论述了高拱坝坝身孔口泄洪方式的分类、型式的选择以及布置原则。(2).结合物理模型试验,分析了坝身泄水孔体型及泄流能力,试验结果表明表中孔联合泄洪时坝身孔口满足设计需要,并且有1~2%的富余。(3).探讨了下游水垫塘内消能机理以及实际消能效果。坝身下泄水股进入水垫塘后均能形成淹没水跃。未见水舌直冲干砸水垫塘及两岸边坡现象,出塘水流基本恢复至正常缓流状态,与下游水面衔接平顺,水流归槽良好,二道坝下未见明显二次水跃。中孔单独泄洪工况是水垫塘空间几何尺寸设计的控制工况。(4).分析了各工况下水垫塘底板冲击动水压力变化规律,本文所研究的体型方案是多种体型方案中冲击压力峰值最小的,大流量表、中孔联合敞泄是水垫塘底板板块稳定设计的控制工况。(5).试验模拟了下游河床局部冲刷情形,结果表明,坝下覆盖层都未被冲刷干净,只在河床两侧岸边出现了一定程度的冲刷。
[Abstract]:The southwest region is rich in water resources, and its typical geographical and geological conditions are generally high water head, large discharge, large drop. The world-class high arch dam is built on a large scale. The problem of flood discharge energy dissipation of high arch dam is becoming more and more serious. Compared with the flood discharge tunnel, the flood discharge energy dissipation of the shore spillway is more and more serious. Flood discharge at the mouth of dam body is an economical and reasonable way of flood discharge and energy dissipation. Based on the summary of the research on flood discharge energy dissipation of high arch dam at home and abroad, the 1: 100 hydraulic integral model of Xulong Hydropower Station in Jinsha River is taken as the background. The method of physical model test is used to calculate the discharge capacity of the orifice. The flow pattern of water cushion pond, the pressure of bottom plate and the local scour of river bed are studied. The main results are as follows: 1. The development situation of high arch dam construction at home and abroad is analyzed and summarized in this paper. This paper discusses in detail the classification, type selection and layout principle of flood discharge mode at the outlet of high arch dam. Combined with the physical model test, the shape and discharge capacity of the discharge hole of the dam body are analyzed. The test results show that the hole opening of the dam body meets the design needs when the mid-hole in the table is combined with the flood discharge. And 1 / 2% of the surplus. In this paper, the mechanism of energy dissipation in the lower swimming cushion pond and the actual energy dissipation effect are discussed. The submerged water jump can be formed after the discharge of water under the dam enters the water cushion pond. There is no phenomenon of the water tongue flushing directly and smashing the cushion pond and the slope on both sides. The flow out of the pond basically returned to the normal state of slow flow, connected smoothly with the downstream water surface, and the flow returned to the trough well. There is no obvious secondary hydraulic jump under the second dam. The single flood discharge condition of the middle hole is the control condition of the space geometric size design of the water cushion pond. The variation law of the dynamic pressure on the bottom plate of the water cushion pond under each working condition is analyzed. The somatotype scheme studied in this paper is the minimum peak impact pressure of multiple somatotype schemes, the large flow scale. The combined open outlet with medium hole is the control condition of the steady design of the bottom plate of the water cushion pond. The local scour of the downstream riverbed is simulated and the results show that the overburden under the dam has not been washed clean. Only on either side of the riverbed was a certain degree of scour.
【学位授予单位】：长江科学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV642.4

【相似文献】