兰州市新城区雨水资源化研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 03:24

本文关键词： 新城区雨水资源化雨水径流绿地系统　出处：《兰州交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西部大开发以来，西北地区的城市建设已经达到一个新的高潮，城市建设更能体现以人为本，良好的生态环境更能体现生态哲学。西北部地区由于地理位置与气候影响，生态脆弱，水资源短缺，根据相关资料可得，到本世纪中期，西北缺水量将达到2.2×1011立方米。近年来甘肃省为缓解兰州市新城区存在的的水资源短缺压力，先后实施了“引大入秦”等若干大型水利工程。虽然这些大型水利工程一定程度缓解了兰州市新城区水资源缺乏问题，但水资源在利用过程中仍不可避免的出现各种各样的问题。若兰州市新城区在缺水的基础上仍浪费水资源，，不能提高水资源的使用效率，无法及时解决对水资源造成的污染以及污水处理程度不够等问题。随着兰州市新城区的大力发展，新城区用水量将会与日俱增，当供水量无法支撑新城区用水量时，新城区发展将会受到很大阻碍，使得新城区的许多政策优势无法得到充分体现。本课题针对兰州市新城区建设发展过程中的雨水资源化问题，在现场调研、实地考察以及模拟实验的基础上，首先对兰州市新城区模拟雨水水质特性进行分析，其次采用LID绿地系统对兰州市新城区模拟雨水径流进行处理实验研究，以期为兰州市新城区建设提供技术支撑，并在兰州市新城区实施雨水资源化利用方面有所研究，甚至为西北地区新城镇建设过程中的雨水资源化利用提供一定的技术支持。兰州市新城区模拟雨水水质特性分析包括两方面，首先是对集雨水水质分析，其次是对集雨水水质相关性分析，通过分析可得结论：(1)雨水径流初期，屋面与水泥路面收集雨水水质指标超标严重，随着降雨历时延长，屋面雨水径流与水泥路面雨水径流水质污染物浓度出现不同程度降低，降雨历时越长，雨水径流污染物浓度下降趋势越缓慢，最终会下降至一个相对稳定数值范围内，但雨水径流污染物与国家饮用水标准相比，仍然处于超标状态；(2)屋面、水泥路面雨水径流浊度值与氨氮值、CODMn、UV254均有良好的相关性，雨水径流中氨氮值、CODMn、UV254都会随着浊度值增大而增加；(3)随着雨水径流CODMn值增加，雨水径流UV254值增加趋势明显，即屋面、水泥路面雨水径流CODMn值与UV254值均具有较好相关性。采用LID绿地系统对兰州市新城区模拟雨水径流进行处理实验研究，是指对通过该系统处理前后的浊度、氨氮、CODMn、UV254等水质指标值进行分析，得出结论：从实验组对雨水径流污染物（浊度、氨氮、CODMn、UV254）去除效果来看，绿地系统对以上污染物去除效果均良好，其中对浊度去除率较高，达到70%以上，对氨氮、CODMn与UV254的去除率最低也达到30%以上。早熟禾组对以上污染物去除率最高，苜蓿草组居中，空白组略差，该实验证明了兰州市新城区建设绿地系统对于去除雨水径流污染物的正确性，同时也为兰州市新城区发展与建设绿地系统提供了一定的理论依据。总体来看，根据兰州市新城区水资源利用现状，已经总结出一些可行性方案。但是，水资源高效利用问题具有地域性强，种类繁多的特点，文中提到的LID绿地系统研究部分只是兰州市新城区水资源利用初步阶段，今后还有许多研究工作需要进一步深入开展。
[Abstract]:Since the development of the western region, northwest of the city has reached a new climax, city construction can reflect the people-oriented, good ecological environment can better reflect the ecological philosophy. The northwest due to the geographical location and climate, ecological fragility, the shortage of water resources, according to the relevant information available to the middle of this century, the northwest water shortage will reach 2.2 * 1011 cubic meters. In recent years, Gansu province to ease the new city of Lanzhou City, the pressure of water shortage, has implemented the "Yindaruqin" a number of large-scale water conservancy projects. Although these large-scale water conservancy projects to some extent alleviate the lack of new urban water resources in Lanzhou City, but the water resources in the use of the process will inevitably arise various problems. If the New District of Lanzhou city in the water is still based on the waste of water resources, can improve the water use efficiency, not timely solution To solve the problem caused by water pollution and sewage treatment is not enough. With the vigorous development of the New District of Lanzhou City, the new city water supply will grow with each passing day, when unable to support the new urban water consumption, urban development will be hindered, so many metro area policy advantages can not be fully reflected.
Aiming at the problems of rainwater resources construction and development process in the New District of Lanzhou City, in the field of research, based on field investigation and simulation experiment, first carries on the analysis to the New District of Lanzhou city to simulate the characteristics of rainwater quality, the green LID system for processing experimental study of Xincheng District of Lanzhou City, the rainwater runoff simulation, in order to provide technical support for the construction of the New District of Lanzhou City, and the implementation of rainwater resources in the New District of Lanzhou city on utilization, provide the technology for rainwater resources and even the construction of new towns in the northwest area.
The new city of Lanzhou City, the simulation analysis includes two characteristics of rainwater quality, the first part is the analysis of rainwater quality set, followed by the analysis of rainwater quality correlation set, through the analysis we can come to a conclusion: (1) the initial rainwater runoff, roof rainwater collection and cement pavement quality indexes exceed the standard seriously, with the rainfall duration, roof runoff and concentration cement road runoff pollutants reduced to varying degrees, the rainfall duration is longer, stormwater runoff pollutant concentration decreased more slowly, eventually fell to a relatively stable range of values, but the runoff pollutants and the national drinking water standards, still exceed the standard state; (2) roof, cement road runoff turbidity value with ammonia value, CODMn, UV254 have a good correlation between the nitrogen runoff value, CODMn and UV254 will increase with the increase of the turbidity value; (3) with the rain The CODMn value of runoff increased and the UV254 value of rainwater runoff increased obviously. That is, the roof surface, the CODMn value of the rainwater runoff from the cement pavement and the UV254 value have a good correlation.
The green LID system for processing experimental study of the New District of Lanzhou city to simulate runoff, refers to the system before and after the treatment of turbidity, ammonia, CODMn, UV254 water quality indexes such as value analysis, a conclusion is drawn from the experimental group of runoff pollutants (turbidity, ammonia, CODMn, UV254) removal, green the system of pollutant removal were good, the higher removal rate of turbidity, reached more than 70%, ammonia nitrogen, CODMn and UV254 removal rate reached more than 30%. The lowest bluegrass group the highest removal rate of pollutants, alfalfa group is higher, the blank group slightly worse, the experiment proves that the new city of Lanzhou city the construction of green space system for correct removal of pollutants in stormwater runoff, and provides some theoretical references for the New District of Lanzhou city development and construction of green space system.
Overall, according to the current situation of new urban water resources utilization in Lanzhou City, has summed up some feasible solutions. However, with a strong regional problems of high efficient utilization of water resources, the characteristics of various kinds, the research of LID green system mentioned in part is water resources in the New District of Lanzhou City with a preliminary stage, we still have a lot of work to further.

【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.9

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