黄河下游防洪形势变化与治理前景展望

发布时间：2018-02-09 15:21

本文关键词： 水沙变化冲刷防洪形势小浪底水库排沙黄河下游　出处：《泥沙研究》2016年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：实测资料表明,黄河中上游干支流治理已经使下游的防洪形势发生变化,洪峰流量和年沙量大幅度减少,小浪底水库投入运用15年,下游河槽发生强烈冲刷,水位下降超过2m,生产堤的存在已经使22 000m3/s的设计洪水在花园口河段不漫滩,其防洪设计标准千年一遇。无论黄河水沙如何变化,都要经过小浪底水库调节进入下游,黄河窄深河槽具有极强的泄洪输沙能力。分析研究表明,小浪底水库进行多年调沙,相机利用洪水排沙,可长期发挥作用;下游游荡河段通过双岸整治形成高效排洪输沙通道输沙入海,继续冲刷河槽,可实现河床不抬高。建议修建桃花峪水库控制下游大洪水,并进一步纵向冲深河槽。
[Abstract]:The measured data show that the flood control situation of the lower reaches has been changed by harnessing the trunk and tributaries in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, the discharge of Hong Feng and the annual sediment volume have been greatly reduced, and the Xiaolangdi Reservoir has been put into operation for 15 years, and the downstream channels have been strongly washed away. The water level has dropped by more than 2 m.The existence of the production levee has made the design flood of 22 000 m3 / s not flooding the floodplain at Huayuankou, and its flood control design standard is once in thousands of years. No matter how the Yellow River changes in water and sediment, it must go through the regulation of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir to enter the lower reaches. The narrow and deep channel of the Yellow River has a strong capacity of flood discharge and sediment transport. The analysis and study show that the Xiaolangdi reservoir can play a long-term role in regulating sediment for many years and using flood to discharge sediment. The loitering reach in the lower reaches can reach the sea with high efficiency flood discharge and sediment transport channel through double banks regulation and continue to wash the channel, which can achieve no elevation of the river bed. It is suggested to build the Taohuayu Reservoir to control the flood in the lower reaches and to further flush the deep channel in the longitudinal direction.
【作者单位】：黄河水利委员会水利科学研究院;美国科技柏诚(WSP-PB)工程咨询公司;
【分类号】：TV882.1

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