西藏满拉水利枢纽工程运行管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-10 04:31

本文关键词： 满拉水利枢纽流域管理运行机制管理模式发展规划　出处：《清华大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：西藏满拉水利枢纽工程位于西藏西南部,气候寒冷、地震频繁,该水利枢纽于上个世纪90年代末期开始运行,创造了巨大的社会效益和经济价值。通过对西藏满拉水利枢纽运行管理工作进行经验总结,认为西藏满拉水利枢纽管理组织机构较完善,水库能按照调度规程和调度计划合理调度运用,水库制定有防汛应急预案,大坝维护基本正常,工程设施较完整,水电厂能基本按照“以电养电”发展要求运行。但是满拉水利枢纽工程仍然存在着大坝安全监测系统老化失修、损坏等问题,不能自动运行,监测项目达不到水利行业规范、规程要求;水情测报系统难以满足水库汛期调度运用要求;泄洪洞洞内普遍存在混凝土冻融破坏、被水中矿物质腐蚀,出现渗水及析出矿物质等现象,虽经多次处理,未能根本解决问题。水电厂虽然能基本实现正常运行,但由于上网电价的限制,进一步提高经济效益,提高广大企业职工收入,按照现代企业制度管理,难度大困难不少。本论文以满拉水库枢纽为例依托开展运行管理研究,根据西藏的特点和满拉水利枢纽建成后面临的具体情况的研究,提出事业企业混合属性的机构管理模式,组建事业性质并监管发电企业的流域管理机构,实现流域内的防洪、灌溉、发电的统一管理,发挥流域管理机构的职能。基于流域现状和水利枢纽布置和运行特性的研究,提出包括安全、防洪、灌溉、发电、多种经营的多系统协调运行机制。从水库工程本身的维护和安全运行角度出发,提出了工程与非工程措施相结合的发展规划,以实现满拉水利枢纽管理机构的可持续发展。对于非工程措施主要开展了包括加强水库管理队伍建设、深化水管体制改革、加快库区管理与水资源管理制度建设、完善水库突发事件应急预案、建立水库运行年度报告制度、编制水库运行、维护与监测手册、建设水库自动化监测及远程监控系统等多方面的系统研究,对于工程措施开展了泄洪洞洞内混凝土破坏机理与处理措施、库区库岸滑坡监测与治理、库内泥沙淤积影响分析的研究,上述研究成果已在满拉水库枢纽安全运行与管理得以实施。
[Abstract]:The Manla water conservancy project in Tibet is located in the southwest of Tibet, with a cold climate and frequent earthquakes. The project began to operate in the end of -10s. Through summing up the operation and management work of the Manla Water Conservancy Project in Tibet, it is considered that the management organization of the Manla Water Conservancy Project in Tibet is relatively perfect. The reservoir can be reasonably operated according to the regulation of the operation and the operation plan, the reservoir has formulated a flood prevention emergency plan, the dam maintenance is basically normal, and the engineering facilities are relatively complete. Hydropower plants can basically run in accordance with the development requirements of "electricity maintenance by electricity". However, the Manla water conservancy project still has problems such as aging, disrepair and damage of dam safety monitoring system, which cannot be operated automatically, and the monitoring projects cannot reach the water conservancy industry standard. Regulation requirements; water regime monitoring and forecasting system is difficult to meet the operational requirements of reservoir operation in flood season; freeze-thaw destruction of concrete, corrosion by minerals in water, seepage and precipitation of minerals are common in flood discharge tunnels, although they have been treated many times. The problem has not been solved fundamentally. Although hydropower plants can basically achieve normal operation, due to the restrictions of electricity prices on the Internet, they can further improve economic efficiency, raise the income of the workers and staff of the majority of enterprises, and manage them in accordance with the modern enterprise system. This paper takes the Manla Reservoir Project as an example to carry out operation management research. According to the characteristics of Tibet and the concrete situation after the completion of the Manla Water Conservancy Project, the paper puts forward the institutional management model with mixed attributes of enterprise and enterprise. Set up the watershed management organization of enterprise and supervise the power generation enterprise, realize the unified management of flood control, irrigation and power generation in the river basin, give play to the function of the basin management organization, based on the study of the present situation of the basin and the arrangement and operation characteristics of the hydro-junction, The multi-system coordinated operation mechanism including safety, flood control, irrigation, power generation and diversified operation is put forward. From the view of maintenance and safe operation of reservoir engineering itself, the development plan combining engineering with non-engineering measures is put forward. In order to realize the sustainable development of the management organization of the Manla Water Conservancy Project, the non-engineering measures include strengthening the construction of the reservoir management team, deepening the reform of the water management system, and speeding up the construction of the reservoir area management and the water resources management system. Perfecting emergency plan of reservoir emergency, establishing annual report system of reservoir operation, compiling manual of reservoir operation, maintenance and monitoring, building reservoir automatic monitoring system and remote monitoring system, etc. For the engineering measures, the failure mechanism and treatment measures of concrete in the flood discharge tunnel, the monitoring and treatment of landslide in reservoir bank, and the analysis of the influence of sediment deposition in reservoir are studied. The above research results have been implemented in the safe operation and management of Manla Reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV698.1

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