黑河流域分水制度变迁研究

发布时间：2018-02-21 03:17

本文关键词： 黑河流域水资源水资源分配均水制制度变迁　出处：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黑河作为我国内陆河流的代表,对于我国西北部的经济发展和生态环境保护起着举足轻重的作用。黑河流域水资源的合理分配关系到黑河流域中、下游的农业经济和生态发展。均水制是黑河流域水资源分配的制度,本文对奥斯特罗姆的制度分析与发展框架进行了微调,得到了黑河分水制度的分析与发展框架,并运用这个框架来分析黑河均水制的变迁。通过对黑河均水制变迁历程的研究,发现外部事件是均水制产生和变迁的动因。均水制的出现是因为水事矛盾的尖锐化。为了缓解水事矛盾,政府制定了均水制。到了20世纪90年代,因为下游生态环境的恶化,导致均水制发生了变迁。均水制的变迁都是对于外部事件的响应,而且都是政府主导,因此,缺乏事前预警机制、公众参与机制和市场机制,导致黑河流域水资源利用和分配效率不高。因此,为了实现黑河流域的可持续发展,作者提出了如下的一些建议,包括：要实现从建立事后解决机制转向建立事前预警机制；实现流域综合管理,建立配套约束和惩罚机制；进一步探索水权交易市场；积极培育和完善地方农民用水协会和综合多种机制共同配置水资源,最大化水资源的利用率。
[Abstract]:As the representative of inland rivers in China, Heihe River plays an important role in the economic development and ecological environment protection of northwest China. The rational allocation of water resources in Heihe River Basin is related to the Heihe River Basin. Agricultural economy and ecological development in the lower reaches. Water equalization system is the system of water resources distribution in the Heihe River basin. This paper fine-adjusts the institutional analysis and development framework of Ostrom, and obtains the analysis and development framework of Heihe water diversion system. This framework is used to analyze the change of Heihe water sharing system. It is found that external events are the cause of the emergence and change of the water equalization system. The emergence of the water equalization system is due to the sharpness of the water contradiction. In order to alleviate the water contradiction, the government formulated the water equalization system. In 1990s, because of the deterioration of the downstream ecological environment, The change of water equalization system is both in response to external events, and is led by the government. Therefore, there is a lack of pre-warning mechanism, public participation mechanism and market mechanism. Therefore, in order to realize the sustainable development of Heihe River Basin, the author puts forward some suggestions, including: to change the establishment of post-settlement mechanism to the establishment of pre-warning mechanism; To achieve integrated watershed management, establish a supporting restraint and punishment mechanism; further explore the water rights trading market; actively cultivate and improve local farmers' water use associations and comprehensive mechanisms to allocate water resources, maximize the utilization of water resources.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.4

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