尾矿坝溃坝过程与影响范围的模拟研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 10:43

本文关键词： 尾矿库逐渐溃坝挟沙力高含沙水流 Fluent　出处：《昆明理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文根据现有的逐渐溃坝过程所描述的理论成果,将一般数值计算与Fluent流体软件相结合,建立了一个适用于较厚坝体的漫顶逐渐溃坝过程理论与数值模拟方法,并将该方法应用到尾矿坝溃决计算中,获得的计算结果与一些学者的过程描述和试验表征有一定相似之处,从而填补了尾矿坝逐渐溃决研究的些许空白。本文的研究内容主要有： 1.分析了尾矿库中形成干滩面的溢流尾矿和用于筑坝的沉砂尾矿的一般属性,并结合泥沙的性质和在水流中的运动特性,总结出尾砂泄流过程中的相关特点,为形成尾砂泄流过程的理论和后续模拟打下理论基础。 2.利用一般水闸冲刷泄流过程中水面和床沙面变化的规律,建立了尾砂在干滩面冲刷的相关理论,概括出尾矿坝溃决水流特点及尾砂床面变化的规律,并给出了砂床高程变化的计算方法； 3.讨论了尾矿坝局部瞬间溃决形成高含沙水流的可能性,同时指出瞬间局部溃坝可利用高含沙水溯源冲刷的计算方法。 4.在前人总结出尾矿坝逐渐溃决过程描述的基础上,综合考虑了尾砂流动特性、溃坝水流特性、以及冲刷和床面变化规律,建立了尾矿坝溃决过程理论模型和数值模拟方法,应用到以龙都尾矿库为原型的中线法堆积坝计算中,在660s的计算时间内,溃口最大下切深度为35.8m,横向宽度增加18.1m,泄流尾矿共2472m3,验证了计算方法的可行性。 5.根据溃坝泄流量和泄流时间,利用三维Fluent中的动网格技术和UDF技术,以一定比例构建了溃口逐步变化的尾矿泄流模型,实现了尾矿坝逐渐溃决过程的尾砂流动模拟。 6.根据龙都尾矿库的地形特点建立了下游河道的几何模型,利用三维Fluent模拟了瞬间全部溃决后的尾砂在360s内的行进情况,并分析其后续流动情况。
[Abstract]:Based on the theoretical results described by the existing gradual dam break process and combining the general numerical calculation with the Fluent fluid software, a theory and numerical simulation method for the overtopping process of the dam body is established in this paper, which is suitable for the thicker dam body. The method is applied to tailing dam collapse calculation, and the calculated results are similar to the process description and experimental characterization of some scholars. Thus filling up some gaps in the study of tailing dam collapsing gradually. The main contents of this paper are as follows:. 1. The general properties of overflow tailings forming dry beach surface in tailings reservoir and sand sinking tailings used in dam construction are analyzed. Combining with the characteristics of sediment and movement in water flow, the relevant characteristics of tailings discharge process are summarized. It lays a theoretical foundation for the formation of the theory and subsequent simulation of tailings discharge process. 2. Based on the change of water surface and bed sand surface during sluice erosion, the relevant theory of tailing sand scouring on dry beach surface is established, and the characteristics of tailing dam collapsing flow and the changing law of tailings bed surface are summarized. The calculation method of sand bed height variation is also given. 3. The possibility of local instantaneous collapse of tailings dam to form high sediment flow is discussed, and the calculation method of instantaneous local break can be used to trace the source of high sediment water. 4. On the basis of summing up the description of tailing dam collapsing process, considering the characteristics of tailing sand flow, dam break flow, scour and bed surface change, the theoretical model and numerical simulation method of tailing dam collapse process are established. In the calculation of the mid-line stacking dam with Longdu tailings reservoir as the prototype, the maximum undercutting depth of the crater is 35.8m, the transverse width is increased by 18.1 m, and the discharge tailings is 2472m3 in the calculation time of 660s, which verifies the feasibility of the calculation method. 5. According to the discharge and discharge time of dam break, using the dynamic grid technology and UDF technology in 3D Fluent, a tailings discharge model with a certain proportion is constructed, and the tailings flow simulation of tailing dam collapsing process is realized. 6. According to the topographic characteristics of the tailings reservoir in Longdu, the geometric model of the downstream channel is established, and the movement of the tailings after the instantaneous collapse is simulated by using 3D Fluent, and the subsequent flow is analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV649

【参考文献】