嘉兴市路面雨水土壤渗滤回用技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-01 17:22

本文关键词： 路面雨水径流污染物土壤渗滤回用　出处：《北京建筑大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着嘉兴市城市化进程的加快，，路面雨水径流面源污染对该市河网水系地破坏日益严重，水环境质量下降趋势愈加明显，使本来水资源丰沛的嘉兴市面临水质型缺水的尴尬局面。针对这一情况，本文以缓解面源污染、实现雨水资源化为出发点，对嘉兴市雨季降雨特征、路面雨水径流污染物特征、针对黏土的土壤增渗截污方法以及利用土壤渗滤池对路面雨水进行处理、回用的可行性分别进行了研究，并得出了以下结论：（1）通过对嘉兴市多年降雨数据的统计分析，确定了嘉兴市雨季（4-10月）的多年平均总降雨量为750mm，且有逐年增多的趋势；平均降雨频率为2.9天/场；雨型分析表明，嘉兴市降雨多以双峰型降雨为主，出现频率为33.6%，且雨峰多出现在中部和后部。（2）嘉兴市路面雨水径流主要污染物为COD、NH4+-N和SS，平均浓度分别为546mg/L、3.16mg/L和1050mg/L，且三种主要污染物具有同源性。（3）土壤渗滤渗透实验表明，向黏土中分别掺入8种填料后，混合土壤的渗透性能均比黏土有所提高，其中，陶粒和沸石对黏土渗透性能的提升最为明显。其中，黏土与陶粒、沸石以体积比2:1:1混合组成的NTF土壤，其渗透性能最好，渗透系数为2.58m/d，是黏土本身渗透系数的3.9倍。（4）土壤渗滤净化实验表明，向黏土中分别掺入陶粒、沸石、中砂和磁铁矿后，混合土壤净化性能较黏土本身有所提升；而掺入锯末、果壳、炉渣后，反而会降低黏土的净化性能。在COD去除方面，NFZ土壤净化效果最好，去除率达91%；在TN去除方面，NTZ土壤净化效果最好，去除率达67%；在TP去除方面，NTC土壤净化效果最好，去除率达96%；在NH4+-N去除方面，NFZ土壤净化效果最好，去除率达68%；在SS去除方面，NTF土壤、NFZ土壤去除率均达98%。经过比较，NTF土壤对径流污染物的综合去除效果最好。此外，土壤厚度对土壤净化能力的影响大于土壤配比对土壤净化能力的影响，NTF土壤采用厚度为40cm与30cm相比，40cm厚NTF土壤的净化性能明显较好；NTF土壤的填料配比（体积比）对净化性能影响不大。（5）嘉兴市193km长的城市道路汛期的产流总量为1.9×106m3，收集这些雨水径流需要建设容积为150m3贮水池的个数为309个。若能将收集的雨水全部回用，则将会有48%的雨水资源用于冲洗路面，31%的雨水资源用于浇洒绿地。（6）回用的经济性方面，建设和维护雨水回用设施的成本约为6798万元，每年可获得收益2163万元，雨水回用设施的使用年限为30年，成本回收期为3年。生态性方面，通过土壤渗滤的方式对路面雨水进行净化和回用，每年可以截留COD958吨、TN7.4吨、TP3.4吨、NH4+-N5.9吨、SS1267吨，将对嘉兴市水环境的改善起到积极的作用。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization in Jiaxing City, the non-point source pollution caused by surface Rain Water runoff is more and more serious to the river network of Jiaxing City, and the trend of water environment quality decline is becoming more and more obvious. Jiaxing, which has abundant water resources, is faced with an awkward situation of water quality and water shortage. In view of this situation, aiming at this situation, in order to alleviate non-point source pollution and realize Rain Water's resource utilization, the paper analyzes the rainfall characteristics of rainy season in Jiaxing City and the characteristics of pollutants from road surface Rain Water runoff. In this paper, the feasibility of treating and reusing road surface Rain Water by soil infiltration filter is studied, and the following conclusions are obtained:. 1) through the statistical analysis of the annual rainfall data of Jiaxing City, it is determined that the average annual total rainfall of Jiaxing City during the rainy season is 750mm, with a trend of increasing year by year, the average rainfall frequency is 2.9 days / field, and the rain pattern analysis shows that, The rainfall in Jiaxing is mainly bimodal rainfall with the frequency of 33.6am, and the rainfall peak is mostly in the middle and back. (2) the main pollutants in the runoff of Rain Water in Jiaxing are CODN NH4-N and SS.The average concentration is 546 mg / L 3.16 mg / L and 1050 mg / L respectively, and the three main pollutants are homologous. (3) soil percolation experiments showed that the permeability of mixed soils was higher than that of clay, and the permeability of clay and zeolite was the most obvious after the addition of 8 fillers to clay, among which clay and ceramsite were the most effective. The NTF soil composed of 2: 1: 1 by volume ratio has the best permeability with a permeability coefficient of 2.58 m / d, which is 3.9 times of the permeability coefficient of the clay itself. (4) the experiment of soil filtration purification shows that after the clay is mixed with ceramsite, zeolite, medium sand and magnetite, the purification performance of mixed soil is improved compared with the clay itself, and the mixed soil is mixed with sawdust, fruit shell and slag. On the contrary, it will reduce the purification performance of clay. In the aspect of COD removal, the effect of soil purification is the best, the removal rate is 91%; in the aspect of TN removal, the effect of soil purification is the best, and the removal rate is 67%; in the aspect of TP removal, the effect of soil purification is the best. The removal rate is 96%; in the aspect of NH4 -N removal, the removal efficiency is the best, and the removal rate is 68%. In SS removal aspect, the removal rate of NH4 soil is 98%. After comparison, the comprehensive removal efficiency of runoff pollutants is the best. The effect of soil thickness on soil purification ability is greater than that on soil purification ability by proportion of soil. Compared with 30cm and 40cm thick NTF soil, the effect of soil thickness on soil purification ability is obviously better. It has little effect on the purification performance. In Jiaxing City, the total runoff production of 193m long urban road in flood season is 1.9 脳 106 m3, and the number of water storage tanks with a volume of 150 m3 needed to be constructed for collecting these Rain Water runoff is 309. If we can reuse all the collected Rain Water, 48% of Rain Water's resources will be used to wash 31% of the road surface, and Rain Water's resources will be used to sprinkle green space. (6) on the economic side of reuse, the cost of building and maintaining Rain Water's reuse facilities is about 67.98 million yuan, with an annual income of 21.63 million yuan, and a useful life of 30 years and a cost recovery period of 3 years of use of Rain Water reuse facilities. By means of soil leachate, road surface Rain Water can be purified and reused, which can intercept COD958 ton, TN7.4 ton, TP3.4 ton, TP3.4 ton and SS1267 ton, which will play a positive role in the improvement of water environment in Jiaxing City.
【学位授予单位】：北京建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV213.9;TU991.57

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