深水斜坡堤破坏致因分析及修复方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-08 23:07

本文选题：破坏　切入点：致因　出处：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：防波堤的主要作用是使港口水域不受波浪作用，广义上说用于防护来自海侧的波浪、流、泥沙和流冰传到水域内的水工建筑物，都可称作防波堤。它在海岸工程中具有重要的作用和特殊的地位。随着港址逐渐向外海发展，，在水深超过20m处建设防波堤的情况日益增多。在《防波堤设计与施工规范（JTS154-1-2011）》中明确了水深超过20m的防波堤为深水防波堤堤，其断面型式、尺度和构造要求等方面多与浅水防波堤有所差异。尤其是当深水堤发生破坏时，往往造成重大的经济损失并产生极大的影响。本文以沿海某船厂防波堤破坏为研究背景，收集并分析了10个国内外防波堤破坏的案例，重点研究沿海某船厂深水防波堤破坏的工程实例，分析该次防波堤的破坏原因，提出防波堤修复方案，并结合修复工程的物理模型试验对方案进行优化。形成了以下主要结论：（1）通过分析10个国内外防波堤工程破坏的实例，总结防波堤破坏的致因主要包括：波浪资料不准确；现行计算方法无法全面囊括各种要素，如破碎破作用、斜向浪作用等；结构设计中的问题，如越浪冲刷、护堤失稳、地基承载力不足、护面块体断裂、构造缺陷等；以及施工质量控制缺陷。（2）经过对沿海某船厂破坏情况的分析，总结破坏原因包括：原推算波浪偏小，使扭王字块体重量小，在台风作用下失稳破坏；下部棱体顶高程较高，在棱体失稳后护面块体沿坡下滑，护面大面积失稳破坏；原设计没有设护底块石，可能是导致坡脚被掏刷的一个原因；原设计顶肩只能安防1排人工块体，容易导致挡浪墙前部和底部块石被掏刷；挡浪墙施工中分层现浇砼结合不良，导致墙体破坏。针对破坏可能的致因，提出以12t扭王字块体为护面的带肩台斜坡堤结构做为修复方案。（3）经断面物理模型试验验证后，优化了断面结构型式，包括：抬高消浪肩台至1.3m，以使波浪在堤前更多破碎，以降低越浪量；降低蹬脚棱体顶面高程至-11.5m，以减小波浪和沿堤水流对其冲击影响；水下1.0倍波高以下护面块体受力较小，适当减轻块体重量。并且根据工程特点，进行了越浪影响分析，在不影响舾装码头工作的情况下，适当控制挡浪墙高程。
[Abstract]:The main function is to make the port waters Breakwater by wave action, the broad sense for protection from the sea side of the wave, flow, sediment and ice to the waters of the hydraulic structures, can be called the breakwater. It has the important and special status in coastal engineering. With the development of port site gradually to the sea in the depth of more than 20m, the breakwater construction is increasing. In the code for design and construction of Breakwater (JTS154-1-2011) < > defines the depth of more than 20m for the Deepwater Breakwater breakwater, the section type, scale and structure requirements and other aspects with shallow water breakwaters vary. Especially when the deepwater dike failure. Often cause significant economic losses and have a great impact.
In this paper, a coastal shipyard breakwater failure as the research background, the collection and analysis of 10 domestic and foreign cases focus on the destruction of the breakwater, coastal shipyard Deepwater Breakwater damage engineering example, analysis of reason for the failure of breakwater, breakwater proposed restoration scheme, and optimize the program combined with the physical model test has formed the restoration project. The following main conclusions:
(1) through the analysis of 10 domestic and foreign breakwater damage examples, summarizes the cause of failure of breakwater mainly include: the wave data is not accurate; the current calculation method is not comprehensive to include a variety of factors, such as broken broken, oblique wave; structural design problems, such as overtopping erosion, berm instability. Insufficient bearing capacity, block fracture, structural defects and other defects; and construction quality control.
(2) after the analysis of damages to the coastal shipyard, including summarizing the failure reasons: the original projection wave is small, the Accropode body weight is small, the failure under typhoon; the lower prism top elevation is high, the decline in the prism instability block along the slope, facing a large area failure of the original design; no armour stone, may be one cause of slope was dig brush; the original design shoulder only 1 rows of artificial security block, easily lead to wave wall front and bottom stone thrown brush; block layered cast-in-situ concrete wave wall construction with poor guide due to the wall damage. According to the failure may cause, proposed by 12t accropodes for protective belt shoulder slope dike structure as the repair scheme.
(3) the section model test, including the optimization of cross section structure: elevation of wave dissipation shoulder to 1.3m, in order to make waves more broken in front of embankment, to reduce the overtopping; reduce the foot edge body top elevation to -11.5m, in order to reduce the influence of wave and its impact on the flow along the dike under water; 1 times the height below the armor block force small block weight is appropriately reduced. And according to the characteristics of the project, analyzes the influence on overtopping, does not affect the outfitting work, proper control of wave wall height.

【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U656.2

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