基于水动力-水质的黄壁庄水库数值模拟研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 05:03

本文选题：黄壁庄水库　切入点：水动力　出处：《河北工程大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水资源短缺、水污染日益严重是当前人们所面临的重要水资源问题,由于时空分布不均匀,水资源存在地区上的不平衡,同时随着经济、人口的增长,对水资源量的需求也日益增多,然而在水资源短缺的情况下,由于人类的活动,排放到环境中的污水、废水量日益增多。许多含有各种污染物的废水被排进天然水体,造成水环境的急剧恶化。一方面影响身体健康,另一方面使水资源失去原有的利用价值,在水资源短缺的同时,又造成“水质型”缺水。黄壁庄水库作为农业供水、工业供水、城市供水的水源地,承担着流域间经济发展重要任务;同时黄壁庄水库作为一级水源保护区,近年来水库受到不同程度的污染,已经严重影响到它的供水状况,特别是由于水质变差的原因,已减少向北京的供水量,因此针对黄壁庄水库受污染的状况,提出一套切实可行的解决方案十分必要。本文通过了解黄壁庄水库的水质状况,并借鉴前人的研究思路,提出采用数值模拟的方法对水库水质进行分析。随着经济的发展,计算机技术在各领域得到一定的应用,因此数值模拟的模型软件在持续不断更新中,根据黄壁庄水库的实际情况,在常用的模型软件中选用MIKE21模型作为研究水库的数值模型,通过了解该模型的适用范围、运行程序及运算功能等,为水库模型的建立打下坚实的基础。MIKE21模型分为水动力模块、水质模块、波浪模块、泥沙模块等,此次分析主要研究水动力及水质模块。通过收集水量数据、降雨蒸发数据、风速风向数据,当有堰、闸涵的作用时,同样需收集堰、闸涵资料,将收集的数据进行分析处理以达到MIKE21水动力模块使用要求,运用MIKE21模型对数据做时段序列处理,进行水库水流场变化的模拟分析;在水流场模拟的基础上,对水质所需污染物浓度数据、水质参数等数据运用至MIKE21水质模块,构成水动力-水质耦合模型,进行水库库区水质场变化的模拟计算。在模型运行过程中,一般均会存在与实际情况不符现象,因此需要对参数进行率定。本次研究将2015平水年作为模拟期,模拟时段为2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日。通过对黄壁庄水库进行水动力场模拟分析,结果表明经过调整水动力参数,坝上断面水位实测值与模拟值更加相吻合,水流体场真实反映库区的流场变化;黄壁庄水库水质模拟基于水动力模拟,经水质影响因素的不断率定,水质场在空间及时间上的变化趋势基本符合库区受污染的情况,因此水动力-水质耦合模型认为是可靠的,适用性较强的,此模型可为今后水库调度、补水方案的制定打下坚实的基础,以期使得黄壁庄水库的水质状况得到改善。
[Abstract]:Water shortage and water pollution are the important water resources problems that people are facing at present. Because of the uneven distribution of time and space, the imbalance of water resources exists in the region, at the same time, with the growth of economy and population, The demand for water resources is also increasing. However, in the case of water shortage, due to human activities, the amount of waste water discharged into the environment is increasing, and many wastewater containing various pollutants are discharged into natural water bodies. It causes a sharp deterioration of the water environment. On the one hand, it affects the health of the body, on the other hand, it makes the water resources lose its original utilization value. At the same time, the shortage of water resources also results in the water shortage of the "water quality type". The water source of urban water supply undertakes the important task of economic development among watersheds, and the Huangbizhuang Reservoir, as a first class water source protection area, has been polluted to varying degrees in recent years, which has seriously affected its water supply situation. Especially because of the deterioration of water quality, the quantity of water supplied to Beijing has been reduced, so it is necessary to put forward a set of feasible solution to the polluted situation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir. With the development of economy, computer technology has been applied in various fields, so the model software of numerical simulation is continuously updated. According to the actual situation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, the MIKE21 model is selected as the numerical model of the reservoir in the common model software. Through the understanding of the applicable range of the model, the operation program and the operation function, etc. The model is divided into hydrodynamic module, water quality module, wave module, sediment module and so on. This analysis mainly studies hydrodynamic and water quality modules. Through collecting water quantity data, rainfall evaporation data, Wind speed and wind direction data, when there is Weir, sluice culvert function, also need to collect Weir, sluice culvert data, the collected data are analyzed to meet the MIKE21 hydrodynamic module use requirements, using the MIKE21 model to do time series data processing, Based on the simulation of water flow field, the data of pollutant concentration and water quality parameters needed for water quality are applied to MIKE21 water quality module to form a hydrodynamic water quality coupling model. The simulation calculation of water quality field change in reservoir area is carried out. In the course of operation of the model, there is usually a phenomenon that does not conform to the actual situation, so we need to determine the rate of the parameters. In this study, the average water year 2015 will be used as the simulation period. The simulation period is from January 1st 2015 to December 31st 2015. Through the hydrodynamic field simulation analysis of Huangbizhuang Reservoir, the results show that after adjusting the hydrodynamic parameters, the measured values of the section water level of the dam are more consistent with the simulated values. The water quality simulation of Huangbizhuang Reservoir is based on hydrodynamic simulation, and the change trend of water quality field in space and time is basically consistent with the polluted situation in the reservoir area. Therefore, the coupled model of hydrodynamic and water quality is considered to be reliable and applicable. This model can lay a solid foundation for the future reservoir operation and water supply scheme, in order to improve the water quality of Huangbizhuang Reservoir.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV697

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