黄金坪水电站建坝前后水力生态特征差异分析

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:16

本文选题：水电站　切入点：运行工况　出处：《西南交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文按照河道水系空间结构基本理论,建立了位于大渡河水系的黄金坪水电站减水河段水系空间结构矩阵,分析了不同时期减水河段中3个水力断面的运行工况,并对建坝前、后减水河段水力生态特征差异进行了研究。研究结果表明,黄金坪水电站运行后,减水河段年平均流量流速、水深及河道水面宽度均出现不同幅度的下降。减水河道运行工况及水系空间结构和河道水力生态特征发生显著改变,可能将对河道中鱼类及其它生物的生存和繁衍产生影响。在课题研究中选取了3种当地珍惜保护鱼类作为指标生物评估减水河段运行工况及水系空间结构对河道生态环境系统的影响。研究表明,枯水期减水河段流量大幅减少,建坝前、后河道水力生态特征的显著变化对指标鱼类的生存、繁殖、觅食及越冬等习性要求有显著影响。研究以指标鱼类天然水力生态习性为基准,采用构建河滩、觅食繁殖地和河道堆砌卵石提高流速和水深、保持河床砂和砾石级配平衡等方式重构减水河段水系空间结构,恢复减水河段的水力生态特征。课题研究成果表明,对于水电站大坝下游水系空间结构变化的减水河段,可在对建坝前、后系统运行工况和系统差异分析的基础上,可采用工程措施恢复构建原有的水系空间结构,保护河段天然水生生态系统。
[Abstract]:According to the basic theory of river water spatial structure, built in Dadu River of Huangjinping Hydropower Station segment of water reduced river system space structure matrix, analysis of the different period minus 3 hydraulic section operating water river, and the dam before and after reducing the difference of water hydraulic characteristics of River State students were studied. Results show that the Huangjinping Hydropower Station after operation, decrease water reach annual average flow velocity, water depth and river width decreased to different extent. The river water reducing operation and water space structure and watercourse ecological characteristics changed significantly, may be on the river fish and other organisms to survive and thrive in effect. The research selected 3 kinds of evaluation of the segment of water reduced operating conditions and water space structure effect on river ecological environment protection system of local treasure fish as a biological indicator of table. The dry season water reduced river flow is greatly reduced, before the dam was built, survival, significant changes after the river hydraulic ecological characteristics index of fish reproduction, foraging and wintering habits have a significant impact on requirements. Natural hydraulic parameters of fish ecological habits as a benchmark, the construction of the beach, breeding and foraging River pebble increase velocity stack and the depth of water, sand and gravel riverbed reconstruction keep gradation balance etc. the segment of water reduced river system space structure, restore the ecological characteristics of hydraulic segment of water reduced. The research results show that the water reducing reach station dam downstream river system space structure changes in hydropower dam, analyzing the differences of system operation and system on the construction of engineering measures to restore the original structure of the water space, river natural aquatic ecosystem protection.

【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TV135

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