社会水循环全过程能耗评价方法研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 20:35

本文选题：社会水循环　切入点：水能关系　出处：《中国水利水电科学研究院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：水资源与能源是经济社会发展的基础性与战略性资源,两者相互依存,紧密关联。水资源的开发利用过程离不开能源的保障作用,能源的开采、加工过程也需要水资源,因此探究水与能源间的关系,对社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本文从社会水循环能耗的角度出发,详细解析了取水、供水、用水、排水及回用环节的能源消耗途径,并以京津冀地区2014年社会水循环状况为例,量化计算社会水循环全过程的能源消耗量,并从不同环节、区域分布、人均能耗、能耗强度等方面对计算结果进行分析,在此基础上提出节水节能措施。文章以此为突破口探究水能关系,对区域水能协同发展战略具有重要的启示意义。本研究主要取得了以下成果:(1)京津冀地区2014年度社会水循环全过程共消耗能源1275.32亿kwh,其中取水、供水、用水环节所消耗的能量分别占2.3%、5.5%、91.1%,排水及回用环节共占比1.1%。用水环节的能耗占据绝对优势,其中家庭生活用水能耗比例最高。不同环节的能耗强度也存在较大差异,家庭生活用水能耗强度高达28.9kwh/m3,其余依次为公共生活用水、工业用水、海水淡化、输配水等。(2)京津冀三个地区的社会水循环能耗结构存在一定差别。北京城市化水平高导致家庭生活用水量最高,因此其家庭生活用水能耗最大;天津市工业比重大,高耗能的重工业相对较多,其工业用水能耗在三个地区中最高;河北省由于地下水超采严重,地下水取水能耗占河北省社会水循环能耗的3.4%,不可忽略。从京津冀社会水循环人均能耗的空间分布来看,呈现出以北京为中心向四周递减的趋势。(3)2014年京津冀地区社会水循环能源消耗量折合标准煤当量5152.29万吨,当年该地区全社会能源消费总量为44296万吨标准煤,由社会水循环带来的能耗占地区总能耗的11.6%,其中北京、天津、河北分别占比为25.9%、6.4%、9.7%,表明社会水循环能耗量对地区能源消费总量的影响很大。(4)通过对京津冀地区社会水循环不同环节的能耗对比分析,探讨了京津冀地区可能的社会水循环节能途径。北京以节约用水、加强节水器具推广为主,天津以工业生产中过程中的工艺设备改进为主,河北以地下水位修复为当务之急。目前我国水与能源缺乏协调与综合机制,导致节水节能措施难以推进,未来还需进一步探索水能关系,为水与能源协同发展提供科学决策与发展建议。
[Abstract]:Water resources and energy resources are basic and strategic resources for economic and social development, they are interdependent and closely related. The process of water resources development and utilization can not be separated from the role of energy protection, and the exploitation and processing of energy resources also need water resources. Therefore, exploring the relationship between water and energy is of great significance to the sustainable development of society. From the perspective of the energy consumption of social water cycle, this paper analyzes in detail the ways of energy consumption in water, water supply, water use, drainage and reuse. Taking the situation of social water cycle in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei in 2014 as an example, the energy consumption of the whole process of social water cycle is calculated quantitatively, and the calculation results are analyzed from the aspects of different links, regional distribution, per capita energy consumption and energy consumption intensity, etc. On the basis of this, water saving and energy saving measures are put forward. This study mainly obtained the following achievements: 1) the whole process of social water cycle in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region in 2014 consumed one hundred and twenty-seven billion five hundred and thirty-two million kwhs of energy, in which water supply and water supply were collected. The energy consumed by the water consumption link accounts for 2.35.5and 91.1, and the drainage and reuse links account for 1.1 percent. The energy consumption of the water consumption link occupies the absolute advantage, and the proportion of household water consumption energy consumption is the highest, and the energy consumption intensity of different links also varies greatly. The energy intensity of household water consumption is as high as 28.9 kwhr / m3. The rest are public water, industrial water, and desalination of seawater. There are some differences in the energy consumption structure of the social water cycle in the three areas of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. The high level of urbanization in Beijing leads to the highest consumption of water for household life, so the consumption of water for household use is the largest; the proportion of industry in Tianjin is large. Heavy industries with high energy consumption have the highest consumption of industrial water in the three regions. The energy consumption of groundwater takes up 3.4% of the energy consumption of social water cycle in Hebei Province, which can not be ignored. From the spatial distribution of per capita energy consumption of water cycle in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei society, In 2014, the energy consumption of the social water cycle in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was equivalent to fifty-one million five hundred and twenty-two thousand and nine hundred tons of standard coal equivalent, and the total amount of energy consumption in the whole society in that year was 442.96 million tons of standard coal. The energy consumption caused by the social water cycle accounts for 11.6% of the total energy consumption in the region, including Beijing, Tianjin, The ratio of Hebei to Hebei is 25.96.40.It shows that the amount of energy consumption of social water cycle has a great influence on the total energy consumption in the region.) by comparing and analyzing the energy consumption of different links of social water cycle in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area, The possible ways to save energy by social water cycle in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area are discussed in this paper. In Beijing, water saving, strengthening the popularization of water-saving apparatus, and improving the process and equipment in industrial production are the main factors in Beijing. The urgent task in Hebei is to restore the groundwater level. At present, the lack of coordination and comprehensive mechanism between water and energy in China leads to the difficulty of promoting water saving and energy saving measures, and further exploration of the relationship between water and energy is needed in the future. To provide scientific decision making and development advice for the coordinated development of water and energy.
【学位授予单位】：中国水利水电科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV213.4

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