基于数值模拟与改进遗传算法的弧形钢闸门结构优化研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 15:22

本文选题：弧形钢闸门　切入点：改进遗传算法　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：弧形闸门作为水工建筑物中的工作闸门,对于水工建筑物的结构安全起到重要的作用。弧形闸门的设计,要做到安全可靠、技术先进、经济合理。按照现行的弧形闸门设计规范设计闸门时,由于对弧形闸门空间整体结构的忽略,在设计时整体设计过于保守,材料性能未能充分发挥。优化设计是一种新的设计方法,它是将最优化原理和计算机技术相结合,从大量设计方案中找出最合适的设计方案。本文利用优化设计的方法,对弧形闸门进行结构优化,寻找最佳设计方案,以提高设计的效率和质量。本文以弧形闸门结构为研究对象,在深入学习研究标准遗传算法及其结构优化的原理的基础上,将改进遗传算法、有限元理论、参数化建模技术、Visual Basic编程语言、有限元软件ANSYS二次开发技术相结合,利用Visual Basic建立弧形闸门结构优化系统,该系统可以实现自动调用ANSYS进行弧形闸门参数化建模,并对弧形闸门进行结构截面优化和结构尺寸优化。具体方法为首先使用ANSYS的APDL语言构建弧形闸门参数化模型,使用Visual Basic编写改进遗传算法程序及设置优化参数,通过ANSYS二次开发技术,实现Visual Basic对有限元软件ANSYS的后台调用,并将返回的计算结果进行优化处理,最后输出弧形闸门最优模型。本文首先建立弧形闸门有限元模型,并对在设计工况和自重荷载下工作的弧形闸门进行应力应变分析。在深入研究遗传算法的基础上引入模拟退火算法的选择机制,提高了算法的运算效率,有效的缓解了遗传算法的局部收敛问题。实现改进遗传与弧形闸门结构优化的结合,将改进遗传算法成功应用在弧形闸门的结构优化中。建立弧形闸门结构优化系统,成功实现了弧形闸门的结构优化,并以一实际工程为例进行计算。优化后案例闸门的重量减轻10.83%,成功实现了弧形闸门的结构优化工作。其次本文对优化前后的弧形闸门结构的应力应变情况进行对比分析;并在实现弧形闸门结构优化的基础上,将弧形闸门的设计变量进行分组对比,分别对弧形闸门进行了结构截面优化及结构尺寸优化并对比了优化效果,同时本文讨论了各组优化变量的优化效果,得出了对弧形钢闸门结构优化有显著影响的设计变量,为优化参数组合的选取提供参考。由本文的研究结果可以看出,使用改进遗传算法与数值模拟相结合对弧形钢闸门结构进行优化可以得到较好的优化结果。且建立的优化系统使用方便,可以节约设计时间,为设计工作提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:As a working gate in hydraulic structures, arc gate plays an important role in structural safety of hydraulic structure. Reasonable economy. When designing the gate according to the current design code of the arc gate, the overall design of the gate is too conservative due to the neglect of the integral structure of the space of the arc gate. Optimization design is a new design method, which combines optimization principle with computer technology to find out the most suitable design scheme from a large number of design schemes. In order to improve the efficiency and quality of the design, the structure of the radial gate is optimized to find the best design scheme. This paper takes the structure of the arc gate as the research object, on the basis of studying the standard genetic algorithm and the principle of structure optimization in depth. This paper combines the improved genetic algorithm, finite element theory, parametric modeling technology with Visual Basic programming language and the second development technology of finite element software ANSYS to establish the structure optimization system of arc gate by using Visual Basic. The system can automatically call ANSYS to model the arc gate parameterized, and optimize the structure section and size of the arc gate. The concrete method is to construct the parametric model of the arc gate by using the APDL language of ANSYS. Visual Basic is used to program the improved genetic algorithm and set the optimization parameters. Through the secondary development technology of ANSYS, the background call of Visual Basic to the finite element software ANSYS is realized, and the result of calculation is optimized. In this paper, the finite element model of arc gate is established. The stress-strain analysis of arc gate working under design condition and deadweight load is carried out. The selection mechanism of simulated annealing algorithm is introduced on the basis of deep research on genetic algorithm, and the computational efficiency of the algorithm is improved. The problem of local convergence of genetic algorithm is effectively alleviated. The combination of improved genetic algorithm and structural optimization of arc gate is realized. The improved genetic algorithm is successfully applied to the structure optimization of arc gate. The structure optimization system of arc gate is established. The structure optimization of arc gate is realized successfully. Taking a practical project as an example, the weight of the optimized case gate is reduced by 10.833.The structure optimization of the arc gate is realized successfully. Secondly, the stress and strain of the arc gate structure before and after optimization are compared and analyzed in this paper. On the basis of the structural optimization of the arc gate, the design variables of the arc gate are grouped and compared, the structural cross-section optimization and the structural dimension optimization of the arc gate are carried out respectively, and the optimization results are compared. At the same time, the optimization effect of each group of optimization variables is discussed, and the design variables which have a significant influence on the optimization of steel gate structure are obtained, which provides a reference for the selection of optimization parameters. The improved genetic algorithm and numerical simulation can be used to optimize the steel gate structure. The optimization system is easy to use and can save the design time and provide a certain reference for the design work.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV663

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