HEC-HMS模型在半干旱半湿润地区的应用及参数率定

发布时间：2018-03-19 17:43

本文选题：HEC-HMS　切入点：半干旱半湿润　出处：《河北工程大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着人类活动的增加半干旱半湿润地区小流域的山洪灾害给当地的人民造成了越来越多的人员和经济的损失。有效的对山洪灾害进行模拟和预报能在一定程度上减少这些灾害的损失。半干旱半湿润地区产汇流过程相对复杂,往往同时存在蓄满产流和超渗产流。加之这类地区往往都是无资料或是少资料的地区,因此用传统的方法很难对这类地区进行洪水预报。水文模型的出现为这类问题的解决提供了新的途径。HEC-HMS模型是美国陆军兵工团最新研发的半分布式水文模型,模型中集成了大量的水文计算方法可以对湿润地区,干旱地区以及半干旱半水润地区进行很好的模拟。本研究首先使用HEC-GeoHMS模块对研究区的基础DEM数据进行处理,经过填洼,提取水系,划分集水区以及划分子流域等步骤将研究区划分为13个子流域。在气候模型中运用雨量站权重法进行降雨的点面插值,具体权重使用泰森多边形法计算。本研究模拟过程中的产流计算采用SCS-CN法,汇流计算采用斯奈德单位线模型,河道演算采用延迟模型。在对相关参数进行估算后,运用研究区的两场洪水进行了模拟并对相关参数进行了率定。其中,参数的率定采用人工率定与模型自动优化相结合的方法。运用研究区的另一场洪水对率定的参数进行了检验,检验结果为:流域出口径流深误差为3.4%,洪峰流量误差为19.7%,峰现时间误差为1小时。模拟结果符合水文情报预报规范(SD 138-85)中的相关规定。因此,HEC-HMS模型可以对半干旱半湿润地区的山洪进行较为理想的模拟,具有推广使用的价值;本文对相关参数的率定结果对今后的研究具有一定的参考价值。
[Abstract]:With the increase of human activities, mountain torrents in small watershed in semi-arid and sub-humid areas have caused more and more human and economic losses to the local people. Effective simulation and prediction of mountain torrents can be carried out to a certain extent. Reducing the losses of these disasters. The process of producing and confluence in semi-arid and sub-humid areas is relatively complex. There is often a combination of overflowing and overflowing, and these areas tend to be areas where there is no or little information, Therefore, it is difficult to forecast flood in this area by traditional methods. The emergence of hydrological model provides a new way to solve this kind of problem. HEC-HMS model is a semi-distributed hydrological model developed recently by US Army Corps. A large number of hydrological calculation methods are integrated into the model to simulate the wet, arid and semi-arid and semi-humid areas. In this study, the basic DEM data of the study area are processed by HEC-GeoHMS module and then filled in. The study area is divided into 13 subbasins by extracting the water system, dividing the catchment area and dividing the sub-watershed. The rainfall station weight method is used to interpolate the rainfall point surface in the climate model. The specific weight is calculated by Tyson polygon method. In this study, SCS-CN method is used to calculate runoff, Snyder unit line model is used for confluence calculation, and delay model is used for channel calculation. In this paper, two flood events in the study area are simulated and the relative parameters are determined. The parameters are determined by the combination of artificial rate determination and model automatic optimization. The parameters of the rate determination are tested by another flood in the study area. The results of the test are as follows: the depth error of outlet runoff is 3.4, Hong Feng's discharge error is 19.7and the error of peak time is 1 hour. The simulation results conform to the relevant provisions of the hydrological information forecasting standard (SD 138-85). Therefore, the HEC-HMS model can be used to deal with semi-arid. The mountain torrents in sub-humid areas are simulated perfectly. This paper has some reference value for future research.
【学位授予单位】：河北工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：P338;P333

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