基于河道生态基流保障的经济损失补偿量研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 12:25

本文选题：渭河干流关中段　切入点：生态基流保障　出处：《西安理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以渭河干流关中段为研究对象,通过河道生态基流保障引出了河道生态基流保障的经济损失量和生态补偿量计算问题。河道生态基流保障的经济损失量的大小,直接影响有关部门对生态基流保障的决策,也可以为河道生态基流合理保障水平的确定提供定量依据;河道生态基流保障的生态补偿量的确定既可以保障河道生态基流,又可以维护水资源使用者的利益,进而使有限的水资源发挥更大的生态效用。本文的主要研究结论如下:(1)对工、农业生产用水部门水资源重要性及其社会重要性权重进行专家打分,并通过专家打分结果分析计算了渭河干流关中段各市工、农业用水部门的重要性。结果表明:各市生产用水部门重要性排名顺序基本一致,其重要性由大到小排名顺序依次为工业用水部门、农业用水部门。(2)通过对比分析工、农业用水效益计算方法的优缺点以及适用范围,选用分摊系数法进行用水效益计算;并采用能值理论对渭河干流关中段各市的工、农业用水效益分摊系数进行了估算。结果发现:①随着时间的推移,工、农业用水效益分摊系数总体上呈下降趋势,其平均值分别为4.7%和30.95%。②农业用水效益和单方农业用水效益总体上呈现上升趋势,其平均值分别为131.24亿元和4.90元/m3,其中,西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市和渭南市农业用水效益平均值分别为32.80、20.85、42.11和30.48亿元;各市单方水效益平均值分别为4.80、5.28、6.53以及3.21元/m3。③工业用水效益和工业用水单方水效益总体上呈现出波动上升的趋势,近8年效益平均值为201.15亿元,单方水效益平均值为17.44元/m3,西安市、宝鸡市、咸阳市和渭南市各市效益平均值分别为149.39、13.14、22.72和12.73亿元,各市单方水效益平均值分别为39.24、16.41、12.56和7.96元/m3。(3)通过分析渭河干流关中段各个断面不同河道生态基流保障值情形下的生态基流盈缺程度,确定以渭河干流宝鸡段为研究对象,并以月为时段计算了渭河干流宝鸡段的非汛期(10～5月)河道生态基流保障值为6、8和10m3/s的生态基流缺水量。采用效益分摊系数法计算工、农业的经济损失量,并根据工、农业生产部门的重要性分析计算了生态基流保障值分别为6、8和10m3/s的经济损失量。研究结果表明:①渭河干流宝鸡段不同河道生态基流保障的经济损失量的多年平均值分别为3.56、5.20和6.88亿元;②河道生态基流保障的经济损失量随时间变化呈增加趋势,且在不同河道生态基流保障值的经济损失量计算的年份中2011年最大,损失量分别为8.75、12.27和15.79亿元,2011年以后经济损失量趋于下降。③不同河道生态基流保障的经济损失补偿量平均值分别为3.56、5.20和6.88亿元。(4)根据作物需水系数的特点,特将其引入建立农业用水短缺与产量损失间的关系,提出了河道生态基流保障的农业生态补偿量的计算方法,并计算了生态基流保障值为6、8和10m3/s的宝鸡峡塬上灌区农业生态补偿量。研究结果表明:不同河道生态基流保障程度的宝鸡峡塬上灌区农业生态补偿量随着时间的变化总体上呈上升趋势,其平均值分别为1.35、1.98及2.62亿元,单位面积农业生态补偿量的变化趋势和农业生态补偿量的趋势一致,其平均值分别为72.70、106.24及140.67元/m3;河道生态基流保障值越大,农业生态补偿量越大。
[Abstract]:Taking the Weihe River off the middle as the research object, calculating the economic loss and ecological compensation quantity leads to the ecological basic flow through the protection of river ecological base flow security problems. Ecological basic flow of economic loss guarantee the size of the direct impact on the relevant departments to ensure the ecological base flow decision, can also provide quantitative basis for determining as the ecological basic flow and reasonable security level; determine the ecological basic flow of ecological compensation amount of the guarantee is to protect the ecological basic flow, and can maintain the interests of the users of water resources, and make limited water resources play a greater ecological effect. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) to work agricultural production water importance and social importance weights of experts, and through expert scoring results analysis of middle cities industry of Weihe river was calculated, the water sector for agriculture The importance of cities. The results showed that the water production department ranked the same order, its importance from high to low ranking order of industrial water, agricultural water department. (2) through the contrast analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of calculation method of agricultural water use efficiency, applicable scope, selection of water allocation coefficient method of benefit calculation; the value of middle cities and closed on the Weihe River theory, agricultural water benefit sharing coefficient were estimated. The results showed that with the passage of time, the agricultural water benefit sharing coefficient decreased, the average value was 4.7% and 30.95%. respectively. The agricultural water efficiency and agricultural water benefit unilaterally on the whole the rise, the average value was 13 billion 124 million yuan and 4.90 yuan /m3, among them, Xi'an City, Baoji City, Xianyang city and Weinan city agricultural water benefit average was 32.80,2 0.85,42.11 and 3 billion 48 million yuan; the benefit per unit water were respectively 4.80,5.28,6.53 and 3.21 yuan /m3. the benefit of industrial water and industrial water efficiency memo shows upward trend in recent 8 years, the average efficiency value of 20 billion 115 million yuan, the benefit per unit water average value is 17.44 yuan /m3, Xi'an City, Baoji city. Xianyang city and the municipalities of Weinan, the average efficiency were 149.39,13.14,22.72 and 1 billion 273 million yuan, the average benefit per unit water were 39.24,16.41,12.56 and 7.96 yuan /m3. (3) security flow surplus and deficiency degree of ecological situation based value through the analysis of Weihe River off the middle of each section of the river ecological base flow, Weihe section of Baoji river was determined by the object of study, calculation of the non flood season of Weihe River in Baoji and by the month period (10~5 months) ecological basic flow protection value of ecological base 6,8 and 10m3/s flow. The effect of water shortage Benefit sharing coefficient method to calculate the economic loss of the industry, agriculture, and according to the work, analysis of the importance of agricultural production sector to calculate the ecological base flow security values were 6,8 and 10m3/s loss amount. The results show that: the Weihe river ecological base for different section of Baoji river flow loss amount guarantee respectively for 3.56,5.20 and 688 million yuan; the river ecological base flow in economic loss of security changes over time showed an increasing trend, and in different river ecological base flow in 2011 to protect the economic loss value calculated in the year the largest loss were 8.75,12.27 and 1 billion 579 million yuan, the economic loss tends to decline after 2011. The different ecological base the river flow quantity guarantee compensation for economic losses were respectively 3.56,5.20 and 688 million yuan. (4) according to the characteristics of crop water requirement coefficient, especially introducing the establishment of agricultural water shortage and yield loss The relationship between the loss of the calculation method of agricultural ecological compensation quantity put forward the ecological basic flow protection, and calculated the ecological basic flow security value of 6,8 and 10m3/s on the plateau of Baoji Gorge Irrigation District agricultural ecological compensation. The results show that different river ecological base flow security degree of Baoji gorge on the plateau of agro ecological compensation irrigation the amount of change over time the overall upward trend, the average values were 1.35,1.98 and 262 million yuan, the change trend of agriculture and ecological compensation of agricultural ecological compensation amount per unit area of the same trend, the average values were 72.70106.24 and 140.67 yuan /m3; ecological basic flow protection value is greater, more amount of agricultural ecological compensation big.

【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.91;F323.213

【参考文献】