中国西北干旱地区水资源利用效率及其影响因素

发布时间：2018-03-29 03:33

本文选题：水资源利用效率　切入点：收敛性　出处：《生态与农村环境学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：水资源的有效利用是中国西北干旱地区经济社会发展的重要战略问题。利用带有非期望产出的数据包络分析方法测度2004—2015年中国西北干旱区水资源利用效率(ETE),并将其与未考虑非期望产出的水资源利用效率(TE)进行对比,发现ETE值要明显小于TE值,表明传统效率测度方法会高估效率水平;从时间演进来看,2004—2015年间,西北地区水资源利用效率呈快速上升趋势;西北5省区水资源利用效率的省际分布不平衡,陕西、青海、新疆的效率值接近最佳前沿面,甘肃和宁夏效率值低。采用α收敛法分析西北5省区水资源利用效率的收敛性,发现不仅无收敛趋势,反而呈发散状态,表明未来区域水资源利用效率差距将进一步拉大。借助Tobit模型分析西北地区水资源利用效率的影响因素,发现经济发展水平、产业结构、城镇化水平和水资源禀赋对水资源利用效率有正向影响,政府干预为负向影响。
[Abstract]:The effective utilization of water resources is an important strategic problem in the economic and social development of arid areas in northwest China. The paper measures the efficiency of water resources utilization in arid areas of northwest China from 2004 to 2015 by using the method of data envelopment analysis with non-expected output. It is compared with water use efficiency that does not take into account non-expected outputs. It was found that the ETE value was obviously lower than te value, which indicated that the traditional efficiency measurement method overestimated the efficiency level, and from the time evolution, the water resource utilization efficiency in Northwest China was rising rapidly from 2004 to 2015. The distribution of water resources utilization efficiency in 5 provinces of northwest China is unbalanced, the efficiency values of Shaanxi, Qinghai and Xinjiang are close to the best frontier, and the efficiency values of Gansu and Ningxia are low. The convergence of water resources utilization efficiency in five provinces of northwest China is analyzed by 伪 convergence method. It is found that not only the trend of convergence, but also the divergence state, which indicates that the gap of water resources utilization efficiency will be further widened in the future. By using Tobit model, the influencing factors of water resource utilization efficiency in Northwest China are analyzed, and the level of economic development is found. Industrial structure, urbanization level and water resource endowment have a positive effect on water resource utilization efficiency, but government intervention has a negative effect.
【作者单位】：新疆大学新疆创新管理研究中心;新疆大学经济与管理学院;新疆农业大学经济与贸易学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(71463056) 新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金(2016D01B054,2016D01B017)
【分类号】：TV213

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