多沙河流治导线流路方程研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 00:07

本文选题：河道整治　切入点：治导线　出处：《水利学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：为确定多沙河流河道整治治导线的形态特征,本文试图建立治导线流路方程,以便定量描述自然状态下主流线变化规律。通过整理黄河模型试验资料,发现诸断面最大单宽流量连线所给出的水流动力轴线与河道合理整治后的流路均呈曲率半径逐渐变化的圆滑曲线形式,因此可以正弦派生曲线作为描述自然冲积河流治导线流路变化的方程框架。通过理论探讨、天然河流与室内模型资料分析,建立了治导线流路特征参数同河流水力因子之间的定量关系式。其中弯曲系数及弯道幅度计算式采用61组取自黄河、长江、淮河干支流以及模型试验典型河段的资料进行拟合;流路起始角计算式考虑了实际作用流量与整治流量差异的影响,引入造床流量下流速与河床启冲流速来反映河床的相对稳定性;弯道跨度计算式考虑了弯道环流强度的作用,从而所建立的治导线流路方程不仅适用于砂质河床、卵石河床及砂卵石河床的稳定流路变化,还能描述实际作用流量变化时河道主流线"小水上提、大水下挫"的变化规律。此外,利用黄河上下游游荡型典型河段及寻峪河卵石河段资料对本文方法进行了验证与应用。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the morphological characteristics of the control conductors in the river channel regulation of the sandy rivers, this paper attempts to establish the governing traverse flow path equation in order to quantitatively describe the variation law of the mainstream line in the natural state.By sorting out the experimental data of the Yellow River model, it is found that the hydrodynamic axis given by the maximum single wide discharge line of the various sections and the flow path after reasonable regulation of the river are in the form of a smooth curve with a gradual change in the curvature radius.Therefore, the sinusoidal derivative curve can be used as an equation frame to describe the change of natural alluvial river's traverse flow path.Based on the theoretical discussion and the analysis of the data of natural river and indoor model, the quantitative relationship between the characteristic parameters of traverse flow and the hydraulic factors of river is established.Among them, 61 groups of data from the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River tributaries and typical sections of the model test are used to calculate the bending coefficient and the amplitude of the bend, and the calculation formula of the starting angle of the flow path takes into account the effect of the difference between the actual acting discharge and the regulation flow.The relative stability of the river bed is reflected by the flow velocity under the bed making flow rate and the flow velocity at the river bed, and the calculation formula of the curve span takes into account the effect of the circulation intensity of the bend channel, thus the governing traverse flow path equation is not only applicable to the sandy river bed,The steady flow path change of pebble bed and sandy pebble bed can also describe the variation law of "small water lift up, big water fall" when the actual flow rate changes.In addition, the data of loitering typical reach and pebble reach in the upper and lower reaches of the Yellow River are used to verify and apply this method.
【作者单位】：清华大学水沙科学与水利水电工程国家重点实验室;中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0402500)
【分类号】：TV85

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